US HISTORY OF GREECE. paliating on the favorable auspices under which a battle would now take place.* His address was hailed with acclamation bj^ his hearers, who demanded only to be led against the enemy .^ His distance from the Persian position may have been about eighteen miles.^ By an evening march, after supj,«r, he reached at midnight the narrow defile (between Mount Amanus and the sea) called the Gates of Kilikia and Syria, through wiiich he liad marched two days before. Again master of that important position, he rested there the last portion of the night, and ad- vanced forward at day-break northward towards Darius. At first the breadth of practicable road was so confined, as to admit only a narrow column of march, with the cavalry following the infantry ; presently it widened, enabling Alexander to enlarge his front by bringing up successively the divisions of the phalanx. On approaching near to the river Pinarus (which flowed across the pass), he adopted his order of battle. On the extreme right he placed the hypaspists, or light division of hoplites ; next (reckoning from right to left), five Taxeis or divisions of the phalanx, under Koenus, Perdikkas, Meleager, Ptolemy, and Amyntas. Of these three last or left divisions, Kraterus had the general command ; himself subject to the orders of Parmenio, who commanded the entire left half of the army. The breadth of plain between the mountains on the right, and the sea on the left, is said to have been not more than fourteen stadia, or about one English mile and a half.* From fear of being outflanked by the superior numbers of the Persians, he gave strict orders to Parmenio to keep close to the sea. His Macedonian cavalry, the Companions, together Avith the Thessalians, were placed on his right flank ; as were also the Agrianes, and the principal portion of the light infantry. The Peloponnesian and allied cav- ' Arrian, ii. 7, 8. ' Arrian, ii. 7 ; Curlius, iii. 10 ; Diodor. xvii. 33. ' Kalllsthenes called the distance 100 stadia (ap. Polyb. xii. 19). This seems likely to be under the truth. Polybius criticises severely the description given by Kallisthenes of tha march of Alexander. Not having before us the words of Kallisthenes him self, we are hardly in a condition to appreciate the goodness of the criticism : vrhich in some points is certainly' overstrained.
- Kallisthenes ap.Polybium, xii. 17.
