IPHIKRATES, FATHER AND SON. 129 tliat most of the great Persian families had to deplore the loss of some relative, male or female. There were among them the widow and daughters of king Ochus, the predecessor of Darius — the daughter of Darius's brother Oxathres — the wives of Artabazus, and of Pharnabazus — the thi-ee daughters of Men tor, and BarsinS, widow of the deceased Memnon with her child, sent up by Memnon to serve as an hostage for his fidelity. There were also several eminent Grecian exiles, Theban, Laceda3mon- iau and Athenian, who had fled to Darius, and whom he had thought fit to send to Damascus, instead of allowing them to use their pikes with the army at Issus. The Theban and Athenian exiles were at once released by Alexander ; the Lacedsemonians were for the time put under arrest, but not detained long. Among the Athenian exiles was a person of noble name and parentage — Iphikrates, son of the great Athenian ofiicer of that name.* The captive Iphikrates not only received his liberty, but was induced by courteous and honorable treatment to remain with Alexander, He died however shortly afterwards from sick- ness, and his ashes were then collected, by order of Alexander, to be sent to his family at Athens. I have already stated in a former volume'^ that the elder Iphi- krates had been adopted by Alexander's grandfather into the regal family of Macedonia, as the savior of their throne : prob- ably this was the circumstance which determined the superior favor shown to the son, rather than any sentiment either towards Athens or towards the military genius of the father. The differ- ence of position, between Iphikrates the father and Iphikrates the son, is one among the painful evidences of the downward march of Hellenism ; the father, a distinguished officer moving amidst a circle of freemen, sustaining by arms the security and dignity of his own fellow-citizens, and even interfering for the rescue of the Macedonian regal family ; the son, condemned to ' Anian, ii. 15,5; Curtius, iii. 13, 13 16. There is some discrepancy l.etween the two (cornpare Anian, iii. 24, 7) as to the names of the Lace- daemonian envoys. - See above, in the History, Vol. X. Ch. Ixxvii. p. 108; Vol. X. (/h. Ixxix. p. 251 ; and ^schines, Fals. Leg p. 263. c. 13 Alexander himself had consented to be adopted by Ada princess of Karia »s her son (Arrian, i. 23, 12).
