CAPITULATION OF KALINJAR, 339 defeat in 1182 by Prithivi Raja Chauhan, and for the capture of Kalinjar in 1203 (A. H. 599) by Kutb-ud-din Ibak. The Chauhan and Chandella war occupies a large space in the popular Hindi epic, the Chand-Raisa, which is familiar to the people of Upper India. The account of the death of Parmal and the capture of Kalinjar, as told by the contemporary Mohammedan historian, may be quoted as a good illustration of the process by which the Hindu kingdoms passed under the rule of their new Moslem masters. " * The accursed Parmar,' the Rai of Kalinjar, fled into the fort after a desperate resistance in the field, and afterward surrendered himself, and placed ' the collar of subjection ' round his neck, and, on his prom- ise of allegiance, was admitted to the same favours as his ancestor had experienced from Mahmud Sabuktigin, and engaged to make a payment of tribute and ele- phants, but he died a natural death before he could execute any of his engagements. His Diwan, or Mah- tea, by name Aj Deo, was not disposed to surrender so easily as his master, and gave his enemies much trouble, until he was compelled to capitulate, in con- sequence of severe drought which dried up all the reservoirs of water in the forts. * On Monday, the 20th of Rajab, the garrison, in an extreme state of weakness and distraction, came out of the fort, and by compulsion left their native place empty; . . . and the fort of Kalinjar, which was celebrated throughout the world for being as strong as the wall of Alexander/ was taken. ' The temples were converted into mosques
