520 INDEX. Tombs (continued] Gujarat, 238, 244 ; Junagadh, 331 ; Mudabidri, 80; Sikaridara, 298; Sar- khej, 234 ; Sipri, near Gwaliar, 216 ; Surat, 339 ; Taj Mahall, 313 ; Tatta, 281 ; Udaypur, 165 Tooth of Buddha, its sanctity, shrines, migrations, etc., i. 63, 64, 235 Topes or Stupas of the Buddhists : their form and purpose, i. 54, 62; Bhilsa group, 66 ; Example at Sanchi, 68 ; Accompaniments of these structures, 70; Samath and Bihar, 71-75; Jara- sandha-ka baithak, 75-76; Bodh-Gaya, 76-80 ; Amaravati, 80, 81 ; Gandhara, 84-89 ; Jalalabad group, 89 ; Bimaran, 90; Sultanpur, 91 ; Chakpat and 'AH Masjid, 92 ; Ahin Posh, 93 ; Mani- kyala, 94-99 ; Bhattiprolu, 34 ; Jag- gayyapeta, 34, 82 ; Thai Rukhan, 100 Torans, i. 115. See Gateways Tori-i, gateway before Shint6 temples in Japan, i. 118, ii. 493.497 Towers : Chitor, ii. 57, 59 ; Angkor Thorn, 394; Bangkok, 411 ; Nankin, 470 Tree and Serpent Worship, i. 14, 20, 43, 44 ; Tree Worship, 105, 108, ii. 71 Trefoiled arches, i. 258 Trikute^var temple, at Gadag, i. 427-428 Triratna symbol, i. 49 ; at Sanchi, 116 ; Amaravati, 123-124 ; Bhaja, 136 Tsedi or Zedi, a chaitya, ii. 341 Tsulimani (Chulamani) temple, Burma, ii. 354, 362, 363 Tughlaqabad, at Old Delhi, ii. 198 ; tomb at, 215, 227 Tulja Lena, caves at Junnar, i. 156 Tupayon or Stuparama, pagoda near Sagaing, ii. 345 Turner's Embassy to Tibet, i. 213 UDAYAGIRI, Katak, caves at, i. 180 ; ii. 9-17 Udayapur, Gwaliar, temple at, ii. 147 ; view, 146 Udaypur, Mewar, Mahasati near, ii. 165; palace, 172 Ujjain kingdom, i. 24, 67 ; Ghats at, ii, 182 U-k'ong, Chinese pilgrim, i. 270 and note, 272 Umar Khel tope, i. 90 Umbrellas on stupas or chaityas, i. 70, 95 I5i, 152 Upali Thein, at Pagan, ii. 356 Uplrraya, a Jaina monastery, ii. 27 note Upasth&na.rala or Uposathagara, Buddhist meeting hall, i. 213, 242, ii. 406 note Urcha, Bundelkhand, palace at, ii. 174 VADNAGAR, Gujarat, Kirtti-stambhas at, ii. 136 Vahlikas, Baktrians, ii. 209 Vaidyanatha temple, at Kiragrama, i. 297-301 Vaikunthanath temple, at Conjivaram, i. 34, ". 359 Vauali, in Tirhut, i. 18, 130, 276, ii. 3, 405 Vaishnava Avataras, i. 41, 42 ; Vaishnava temples in Nepal, 277 Vajradhatu Mandala, i. 280 Valabhi dynasty (dr. 600-770), i. 23, 24, 26-28 Vangath or Waniyat, Kashmir, temples at, i. 267 Vastupala's temple, Girnar, ii. 33 Vasubandhu, Buddhist Patriarch, i. 276 Vat, the outer enclosure of a Cambodian temple, ii. 406 Phu temple, ii. 375 Sisavai, temple at Sukhodaya, ii. 343, 409, 411 Vaults, ii. 329, 353, 354, 357 Vedi, a Hindu altar, ii. 123 Vedic worship, i. 39-41 Vellor, i. 396; view of portico of temple, 397 ; Compound pillar, 399 Ventura, General, topes opened by, i. 94, 97 Vidyadevis, Jaina goddesses of know- ledge, ii. 42 Vidyidharapuram, chaitya remains, i. 128 Vigne's Travels in Kashmir, i. 252 Viharas, or monasteries, i. 55, 170 ; Diagram, 172; Nalanda, 173; Sultan- ganj, 175; Sarnath, 175; Western Caves, 177 - 182 ; Nasik, 183 - 188 ; Ajanta, 188-196; Bagh, 197, 198; Elura, 201 - 205 ; Vijayarama, 242 ; Otantapuri and Vikranmila, 293 Vijayanagar : View of city gateway, i. 311, 400 ; Destroyed by the Muhamadans in 1565, 401 ; Plan of the temple of Vitthalaswamin, 402 ; view of porch, 403 ; Palaces, 412 ; Garden pavilion at, 416, 417 ; bazar, ii. 266 Vijayarama monastery, Ceylon, i. 230 note ; Vihtra, 242 Vikramanli monastery (near Kolgaon), i. 293 note Vimala's temple, Mount Abu, ii. 36-40. Vimanas or shrines and .Sikharas, i. 309, 322-325, 330 note Vipajyi Buddha, i. 275 Viramgam talav or tank, ii. 182 Virinjipuram, temple at, i. 407 Vishnu, identified with Siirya, i. 262, 263 ; second Avatara at Angkor Vat, ii. 386 ; Vishnu-devala, Ceylon, i. 248
