A HUNDRED YEARS AGO. 93 comparing the map of New Holland, publislied by Stock- 1787 dale in 1787,* with a map of Australia at the present time. The straits , * ■*• unknown. The straits which separated the coast-line of New Holland from that of Van Diemen's Land had not been discovered, and the latter was consequently regarded as forming part of the mainland. Phillip's jurisdiction was supposed to stretch in an unbroken line from the South Cape to Cape York; and even the configuration of the southern coast, including that of Van Diemen's Land, was a matter of conjecture. Voyage to Australasia/' the word *' Australians " is used as equivalent to les Austraux, In Bayle's Dictionary, the first edition of which appeared in 1710, the word "Australia" occurs three times in note [G], art. Sadeur. '* Lastly, the relations of voyaees being very much in vogue at that time, he com- pleated his works by liis Australia, as he calls it." The country was not called Australia in Sadeur, but la Terre Australe. Bayle also speaks of " the Australians " in note [D]. It may be mentioned here that Captain Cook, under date 13 August, 1770, speaks of " the islands which were discovered by Quiros, and called Austraaa del Espiriiu Santo," The name Australia was consequently not unknown to Cook. In the introduction to Cook's Third Voyage, published in 1784, the writer asks, p. xiii, — " Who has not heard, or read, of the boasted Tierra AtiMralia del EffpirUu Santo of Quiros ? " The following passage occurs in a work on the Zoology of New Holland, published by Dr. George Shaw in 1794 (p. 2) :— "The vast island or rather continent of Australia, Australasia, or New Holland, which has so lately attracted the particular attention of European navigators and naturalists, seems to abound in scenes of peculiar wiloness and sterility." The terms Greater Australia and Lesser Australia are employed in a chart of the Missionary Ship DuflTs voyage in 1796-7-8, to distinguish those countries of the Pacific Ocean which lie southward of the tropics. The Vovage was published in 1799. And in the ** Chart of the islands discovered in the South Sea to the year 1620," prefixed to vol. ii of Bumey's History of the Voyages and Dis- coveries in the South Sea (1806), the islands discovered by de Quiros are marked "Australia dd Ettpiritu Santo " ;— that name being used frequently by the same author in his account of the voyage of de Quiros, pp. 299-320 ; see also Appendix No. II.
- The History of New Holland, from its first discovery in 1616 to the
present time, with a particular account of its produce and inhabitants ; and a descripttion of Botany Bay. London, 1787. Some interesting communications on the antiquities of Australian geo- graphy will be found in Notes and Queries, 7th series, under the title " Australia and the Ancients "; see i, pp. 408, 492 ; ii, pp. 36, 97 ; v, p. 356. Digitized by Google
