§ 70. Acc. of condition. — Any word describing the condition of the subject or object of an action during the action is put in the acc.; and so words describing the manner of the action. (a) Gen. 15:2 וְאָֽנֹכִי הוֹלֵךְ עֲרִירִי seeing I go childless; Is. 20:3 הָלַךְ עַבְדִּי עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף my servant has walked naked and barefoot; Prov. 1:12 נִבְלָעֵם חַיִּים let us swallow them up alive (1 K. 20:18). Or even when no verb is used, 2 S. 12:21 בַּֽעֲבוּר הַיֶּלֶד חַי for the sake of the child when alive (1 K. 14:6 her feet as she came). In general an indef. adj. or ptcp. descriptive of a definite word (pron. or def. noun) may be considered in the acc. of condition. Exx. with subj., Gen. 25:8, 25; 37:35, Deu. 3:18, Josh. 1:14, 1 S. 19:20, 1 K. 22:10, 2 K. 18:37; 19:2, Am. 2:16, Job 1:21; 19:25; 24:10, Ps. 109:7, Ru. 1:21, Exx. with obj. Gen. 3:8; 21:9; 27:6, 1 K. 11:8, Is. 20:4; 57:20, Hag. 1:4, Ps. 124:3, Job 12:17: — So even nouns that approach the nature of adj., Gen. 38:11 abide a widow (in widowhood), 44:33 let him abide as a servant; perhaps Is. 21:8 he cried like a lion, Job 24:5, as wild-asses. — With Jon. 1:6 מַה־לְּךָ נִרְדָּם what meanest thou sleeping? cf. Kor. 74:50.
(b) Words describing the manner of the action are in acc. Certain words have become real adverbs, as מְאֹד very (lit. in strength), חִנָּם in vain, for nought, הַרְבֵּה much, very, הֵיטֵב well, very, &c. But adjs. in general may be used adverbially, and (in poetical style particularly) nouns. Zeph. 1:14 מַר צֹרֵחַ גִּבּוֹר bitterly crieth the hero; Ez. 27:30 רְיִזְעֲקוּ מָרָה and they shall cry bitterly; 1 S. 12:11 וַתֵּֽשְׁבוּ בֶּטַה and ye dwelt in confidence, Hos. 14:5 אֹֽהֲבֵם נְדָבָה I will love them freely, 1 S. 15:32 וַיֵּלֶךְ אֵלָיו אֲגָג מַֽעֲדַנּוֹת and Agag came to him cheerfully.
§ 71. Acc. of specification — When to the general statement of the action there is added the point of its incidence, or the respect in which it holds, this secondary limitation is put in the acc., Gen. 3:15 הוּא יְשֽׁוּפְךָ רֹאשׁ he shall bruise
