to the point in question, there would follow a gradual expansion of the nerves which terminate there; and as the nutritious and other juices likewise flow to the same point, it must necessarily happen that two or four tentacula would insensibly be produced. This is no doubt what happens in regard to all the gasteropode tribes, whose wants occasion the habit of feeling bodies by touching them with the parts of their head; and when such wants are not felt, the head remains destitute of tentacula, as may be seen in other instances, &c.[1] In like manner it is the desire and the attempt to swim, that had, in time, the effect of extending the skin that unites the toes of many aquatic birds, and thus the web-foot of the gull and duck were at last produced. The necessity of wading in search of food, accompanied with the desire to keep their bodies from coming in contact with the water, has lengthened to these present dimensions, the legs of the grallæ or wading-birds; while the desire of flying has converted the arms of all birds into wings, and their hairs and scales into feathers. Changes of this nature may appear to us contrary to what falls under our observation, which leads us to suppose that the specific forms of animals are constant; but this error is entirely owing to the difficulty we experience in embracing a considerable portion of time within the scope of our observations. It is from this cause that we cannot be ourselves witnesses of these changes, and neither history nor written observations extend to sufficiently remote a
- ↑ Animaux sans vertébres, vol. i. p. 188, 189.
