Peru. In the "American Anthropologist" for September, 1897 (vol. x. pp. 303–311), F. W. Hodge gives a brief résumé of the ethnologic and archæologic researches of Mr. A. F. Bandelier in Peru and Bolivia, 1892–1897. A comparison is suggested between the chambered mounds of the Gila valley in Arizona and the platform-mounds of the Rimac valley in Peru, Mr. Bandelier noting in the very centre of the latter "features that recall forcibly the New Mexican Indian custom of giving to each inanimate object its heart" (p. 306). It is interesting to learn also that he "succeeded in gathering a number of traditions relative to occurrences anterior even to the time when the Incas began to raid across the Marañon" (p. 309).—To the "Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology," 1894–95 (Washington, 1897), Dr. M. A. Muniz and Professor W. J. McGee contribute an elaborate and well-illustrated memoir on "Primitive Trephining in Peru" (pp. 3–72), of which the sections on "Origin and Development" (pp. 19–25) and "Motive for Operating" (pp. 63–72) are of interest to folk-lorists. The Peruvian trephinings belong, according to Mr. McGee, in the sortilegic stage of the development of the art.
Venezuela. In the "Revue Mensuelle de l'École d'Anthropologie de Paris" (vol. vii. 1897), MM. A. Malbec and H. Bourgeois write (pp. 248–253) on "Poison des Flèches de Venezuela."
GENERAL.
Ethnography. In the "Trans. and Proc. Roy. Soc. Canada" (Sec. Series, vol. ii. 1896, pp. 99–168), M. Benjamin Sulte has an article, pages 116–168 of which are taken up by a reprint of Pierre Boucher's "Histoire Véritable Naturelle des Mœurs et des Produis du Pays de la Nouvelle France vulgairement dite le Canada" (Paris, 1664). Chapter ix. treats of the manners of living of the Algonkian and Huron tribes, chapter x. of their marriage-customs, and chapter xii. of war. M. Sulte has made accessible to historians and ethnologists a most interesting little book.—The proceedings of the Congress of Americanists, held at Mexico in 1895, published as: "Congreso internacional de Americanistas. Actas de la Reunion, Mexico," 1895 (Mexico, 1897, 576 pp.), contain, besides many articles of erratic tendencies and doubtful scientific value, some papers on linguistics and ethnography of value to students.
Literature. Professor John Campbell’s article, "The Ancient Literature of America," gives some account—largely based on Dr. D. G. Brinton's studies—of American Indian song and story. The author cannot refrain, however, from his imaginative speculations as to the origin of the Indians, as his reading "in old Japanese," of an inscription at Yarmouth, N. S., testifies.
