where the degree of Ph. D., in that department of science, was for the first time conferred. His addresses on academic and historical occasions, such as the dedication of the Columbian Museum in the University of Pennsylvania, the Anniversary of the New Jersey Historical Society, etc., were models of their kind. Sui generis were also the inaugural addresses before the numerous societies whose president he, from time to time, was.
To the first volume of the American edition of the “Iconographic Encyclopædia,” in 1885, Dr. Brinton contributed articles on “Anthropology” and Ethnology, revised Professor Gerland’s article on “Ethnography,” and acted as general editor of the volume, furnishing, besides, to the second volume, an article on “General Prehistoric Archæology.” For the American supplement to the “Encyclopaædia Britannica” he had written, in 1883, the article on “American Archæology;” and to the new edition of “Chambers’s Encyclopædia” contributed, in 1890, the article on “The African Race in America.” He also revised and re-studied for the “Standard Dictionary” (New York, 1894), the words of Indian origin in the vocabulary of English-speaking Americans.
The studies and writings of Dr. Brinton were not altogether confined to the New World. In 1884 we find him contributing to “Science” a brief paper on “The Archæology of Northern Africa,” and in 1887 he showed that “Certain Supposed Nanticoke Words,” which had figured in several of the earlier collections of American Indian vocabularies, were really of African origin (Amer. Antiq., vol. ix. No. 6). Before the American Association for the Advancement of Science, in 1887, he read a paper “On Early Man in Spain.” During the next few years he published several essays and studies dealing with the problems of the ethnology and linguistics of the Mediterranean Region,—“The Ethnologic Affinities of the Ancient Etruscans” (Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Oct. 1889); “On Etruscan and Libyan Names” (Ibid., Feb. 1890); “The Cradle of the Semites” (Philadelphia, 1890, pp. 26); “The Etrusco-Libyan Elements in the Song of the Arval Brethren” (Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Nov. 1892); “The Proto-Historic Chronology of Western Asia” (Ibid., April, 1895); “On the Remains of Foreigners discovered in Egypt by Flinders Petrie” (Ibid., Jan. 1896); “The Alphabets of the Berbers” (Oriental Studies, 1894).
In these essays, and in his “Races and Peoples,” Dr. Brinton ably demonstrated the ethnologic unity of the races inhabiting the great basin of the Mediterranean in prehistoric times, besides the antiquity of the possession of their present territory in Europe and Western Asia by the Aryan race. He also sought with considerable success to show that northwest Africa was the primitive home
