2i8 Journal of American Folk-Lore.
in the American Museum) clearly shows the way in which the jar was hollowed out — the method employed being the use of a " bow or pump-drill, the shaft of which was a hollow otlatl, the common reed found generally in Mexico." According to the author, " the use of a reed or a bone for a hollow drill was common in other parts of North America, as shown by unfinished gorgets and banner stones." The jar represents a coyote on his haunches. — From "Monumental Records" for May, 1900 (pp. 139, 140), the same author reprints an illustrated account of " A Votive Adze of Jadeite from Mexico," belonging to the Kunz collection in the American Museum of Natural* History, New York. The specimen "*was de- scribed, but not figured, by Mr. Kunz in his " Gems and Precious Stones of North America." The object seems to have been an idol. or to have been used for ceremonial purposes, and " the mask-like face, with the upper jaw represented pressed upwards against the nose, is characteristically a feature of southern Mexican art, and, from the presence of sharp canine teeth, apparently represents a tiger- mask." Moreover, the " edge has what appear to be teeth, possibly symbolizing the biting or cutting nature of this part of the votive adze."
Moki. In the "American Anthropologist " (vol. ii. N. S. pp. 238- 246) for April-June, 1900, Mr.. H. R. Voth writes about " Oraibi Marriage Customs." Oraibi is the largest and most primitive of the villages of Tusayan. Among the Hopi Indians " marriage by purchase does not exist," and the " choice of a life companion is left almost entirely to the couple contemplating marriage, coercion on the part of the parents or guardians being exercised only in rare instances." We learn also that " marriages rarely, if ever, take place during summer, and seldom in late spring, when the Hopi are busy in their fields, but in autumn or winter, the time of leisure, of gam- ing and frolic, of ceremonies and katcina dances." Details of the bride's conduct after her betrothal, descriptions of her wedding apparel, and of the ceremonies in which she and her future husband, separately or together, take part are given, and the paper is accom- panied by two plates representing the " Hopi Bridal Costume " and the " Hopi Bride going Home." An interesting item is the silent prayer of each on the eastern side of the Oraibi mesa, which takes place after the head-washing. Until they have a house of their own, the young couple live at the house of the wife's mother, Where they may reside for several years.
Zapotecan. Mr. M. H. Saville's valued article (illustrated) on the "Exploration of Zapotecan Tombs in Southern Mexico," in the "American Anthropologist" (vol. i. N.' S. pp. 350-362), contains several matters of interest to students of folk-lore. The tombs
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