Fernandez, Juan (died 1576), Spanish navigator, appears to have been constantly employed as pilot off the coasts of South America. He discovered the islands bearing his name about 1572, and in 1576 reported another large island or continent, which has not been identified.
Fothergill, John, M.D., F.R.S. (1712-80), was a Quaker, and the first graduate of Edinburgh to be admitted as a licentiate of the College of Physicians (1744). He was greatly interested in botany, and possessed a magnificent botanical garden at Upton, near Stratford, where he kept many draughtsmen. He also made large collections of shells and insects. His "Hortus Uptonensis" was published amongst his "Works" after his death in 1783-84.
Frézier, Amédée François (1682-1773), engineer and traveller, born at Chambéry, was descended from the Scotch Frasers. He was sent out by the French king in 1711 to examine the Spanish colonies in South America, and on his return in 1714 published his "Relation d'un Voyage de la Mer du Sud aux côtes du Chili et du Pérou" (1716). He was afterwards Director of Fortifications of Brittany, and was the author of several works on architecture.
Hasselquist, Fredrik (1722-52), Swedish naturalist and pupil of Linnæus. He spent three years (1749-52) travelling in Palestine and Egypt, and made large collections of fishes, reptiles, insects, plants, and minerals, studying also Arab manuscripts, coins, and mummies. He died at Smyrna, and his collections passed into the hands of Linnæus, who published Hasselquist's journal and observations under the title of "Iter Palestinum" (1757).
Histoire des Navigations aux Terres Australes, see Brosse.
Hulme, Nathaniel, F.R.S. (1732-1807), was Physician to the Charter-house.
Le Maire, Jacob (died 1616), Dutch navigator, left Holland in company with William Cornelissen Schouten (died 1625) in 1615, in the Concorde, with the view of determining the position of the southern point of South America, in defiance of the regulations of the Dutch East India Company, which attempted to close the routes to India, either by the Cape of Good Hope or the Straits of Magellan. Le Maire and Schouten discovered Staten Island and Cape Horn, which they doubled, and thence proceeded to Batavia, passing along the north-east coast of New Guinea. On their arrival at Batavia, their ship was seized and they were sent to Holland, but Le Maire died before reaching Europe. Schouten published an account of the voyage in 1618.
