conquest by the Javanese of the dominions of the Raja of Ujong Tanah. This latter country is of course the southern extremity of the Malay Peninsula, known since the 16th century as Johore, and the dominions of its Raja included a number of island groups, such as the Riau-Lingga Archipelago, the Na- tunas, Anambas, etc., which are duly enumerated in the Hikayat Raja-raja Pasei. Now we know from Groeneveldt's Chinese sources that Palembang was taken by tlie Javanese in the year 1377 A.D. The inference is that the conquest of Ujong Tanah and its insular possessions (which must have included the island of Singapore) took place shortly after 1377 A.D. Tho foundation of Malacca must then be put at some intermediate date between 1377 and 1400 A.D.; and the establishment of Muhammadanism in that State cannot have taken place very many years before the close of the 14th. century, When first visited by Chinese envoys in the first decade of the 15th. cen- tury, it was a Muhammadan State.
II. Allusions to Malays in the "Pararaton."
I propose here to draw attention to a few additional data which confirm the conclusions already stated and throw a little more light on a very obscure period of Malay history. At the time of reading my paper I had not had access to the Javanese historical work styled the "Pararaton" (i.e. Book of Kings), which has been edited and translated (with the addition of copious and valuable notes) by the late much lamented Dr. J. L. A. Brandes, a most eminent authority on the history of the Eastern Archipelago. This appeared in 1896 in Deel XLIX of the Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. It is a work of uncertain date and authorship, but is probably in part based on more or less contemporary records of the events it relates, and is certainly older than 1600 A.D). It is of no great length; but it is one of the few professedly historical works in this part of the world that can really lay claim to some historical value, (Most Javanese and Malay histories are a blend throughout of fact and myth; but in the Pararaton only the beginning bears the stamp of being merely legendary). It contains
