these things? To-day in cities only the rich can buy them. Almost any one can buy sermons or books; any one almost can listen to lectures and concerts and visit picture galleries. The things that are wanted for the education of the higher senses are cheap and popular. But the things that are needed for the education of the lowlier senses are still very expensive, in cities at least, and expensive things are for the few. Many good things must be communalized first in the schools.
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The Americans, always practical, having realized this, have begun the systematic training of the lower senses so long ignored. They have begun it, not only in schools, but also in reformatories. In Elmira the whole treatment of the prisoner constitutes an appeal, not to the conscious, but to the unconscious part of him; it is a descent into the lower stories of life for the rekindling and restoration of the culprit's moral life there. Baths and massage are given, and physical exercises that have as their aim the inducing of a new sensitiveness. The diet is supervised with the same end in view. In England the prison is hygienic only in a very elementary sense. The conditions favour the main-
