104 THE THIRD DECLENSION • CONSONANT STEMS
LESSON XL
THE THIRD DECLENSION • CONSONANT STEMS (Continued)
CLASS II
235. Consonant stems that add no termination in the nominative are declined in the other cases exactly like those that add -s. They may be masculine, feminine, or neuter.
236.
PARADIGMS
Masculines and Feminines | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
cōnsul, m., consul | legiō, f., legion | ōrdō, m., row | pater, m., father | ||
Bases or Stems |
cōnsul- | legiōn- | ōrdin- | patr- | |
Singular | TERMINATIONS M. AND F. |
||||
Nom. | cōnsul | legiō | ōrdō | pater | — |
Gen. | cōnsulis | legiōnis | ōrdinis | patris | -is |
Dat. | cōnsulī | legiōnī | ōrdinī | patrī | -ī |
Acc. | cōnsulem | legiōnem | ōrdinem | patrem | -em |
Abl. | cōnsule | legiōne | ōrdine | patre | -e |
Plural | |||||
Nom. | cōnsulēs | legiōnēs | ōrdinēs | patrēs | -ēs |
Gen. | cōnsulum | legiōnum | ōrdinum | patrum | -um |
Dat. | cōnsulibus | legiōnibus | ōrdinibus | patribus | -ibus |
Acc. | cōnsulēs | legiōnēs | ōrdinēs | patrēs | -ēs |
Abl. | cōnsulibus | legiōnibus | ōrdinibus | patribus | -ibus |
- With the exception of the nominative, the terminations are exactly the same as in Class I, and the base or stem is found in the same way.
- Masculines and feminines with bases or stems in -in- and -ōn- drop -n- and end in -ō in the nominative, as legiō (base or stem legiōn-), ōrdō (base or stem ōrdin-).
- Bases or stems in -tr- have -ter in the nominative, as pater (base or stem patr-).
- Note how the genitive singular gives the clue to the whole declension. Always learn this with the nominative.