Horn, Cape, discovery, 66
Hort, Professor, 17
Hradschin, the, 183
Hudson Bay Territory, acquisition, 263
Huguenots—
Tenets, 77; persecution, 147; defeat at Jarnac and Moncontour, 158; Massacre of St. Bartholomew, 159-60; under Lewis XIII., 177; under Richelieu, 179; suppressed in France, 223; settlement in Berlin, 286
Humanists, the, 72, 75-7, 79, 85, 86, 100, 105
Hungary—
Battle of Mohacs, 36; Calvinism in, 136
Hunter, John, 21
Hunyadi, John, 35
Hus, John, 96, 100, 103
Hussitism, 182
Hutten, Ulrich von, 77, 86, 99, 102
Imperialists, the—
Invasion of Rome, 138-9; defeat at Breitenfeld, 188; victory at Nördlingen, 193; French defeated by, 240
Independence, Declaration of, 199
Independents. See Congregationalists
Index, the—
Erasmus on, 88; the prohibited books, 119-21; Tridentine, 120; the first Roman, 120
India—
Portuguese acquisitions, 53 et seq.; da Gama's voyage, 54-5
Indulgence, Declaration of, 212
Indulgences—
Abuse of, 91; Luther's protest, 97-8
Ingolstadt, fortress of, 189; university, 96
Ingria, retention by Peter the Great, 281
Innocent XI., Pope (Odescalchi), 226-7
Innocent XII., Pope, 253
Inquisition, the—
Introduced into Portugal, 59; the Spanish upheld by Charles V., 101; introduction urged by Caraffa, 110-11; objects of the, 111-13; Rome and the, 112-13; the Spanish, 112; the Official, 113; in the Netherlands, 144-5; in France, 156; extinction of the Roman, 178
International Law in relation to Asiatics, 59
Ireland, Jacobite Schemes, 229-30
Ironsides, the, organisation and discipline, 203
Isabella, d. of Philip of Spain, 166
Isabella of Castile—
Marriage to Ferdinand, 37; and Columbus, 61; and the New World slaves, 67
Isernia, Bishop of, "Bible only," 98
Italy, decline as a political power, 50
Ivry, 185
Jacobite Rising of 1715, 269-70
James, Duke of York. {See also James II.)—
Sails for the Guinea Coast, 210; becomes a Roman Catholic, 212; Test Act and, 212; schemes for exclusion, 212-15
James Stuart, lands at Aberdeen, 269
James I. of England—
Policy, 195-99; beginnings of Colonial Empire, 199
James II. of England—
Innocent XI. and, 226; succession of, 218; policy, 219-22; and the Abbé de Rancé, 221-2; loss of the Crown, 222 et seq.; dispensing power assumed, 223; trial of the Bishops, 224; Irish schemes, 229-30; and the Nonjurors, 230; death, 256
Janissaries, the, 35
Jansenists, 178, 223, 244, 245
Jarnac, Huguenot defeat, 158
Jefferson, draws up Declaration of Indulgence, 312
Jeffreys, Judge, 220; and the Whigs, 220; and James II., 224
Jerome of Prague, 103
Jesuits, the—
Society founded by St. Ignatius, 114 sqq.; as revolutionists, 117-8; in France, 117, 178; and the Counter-Reformation, 123; recall by Henry IV., 172; Innocent XI. and, 226; protected by Frederic II., 304
Jews, the—
Expelled from Spain, 61-2; persecutions in Spain, 85, 112; in France, 111; decree of Peter the Great, 283
John, Prester, 53, 57
Johnson, Dr., and Parliamentary debates, 276
Johnston, retreat before Sherman, 298
Jones, Sir William, tracts, 217
Joseph, Emperor, death, 261
Juan, Don, 145
Julius II., Pope, 38—
Venetian schemes, 44-6; summons Lateran Council, 46; Roman schemes, 46-7; patron of Renascent Art, 81-2; St. Peter's, 82;
