left to right) pushes the brass arm aside, and thus breaks the circuit of the primary coil. When this occurs an opening shock is sent from the secondary coil II to a commutator, E, an instrument by which electric currents may be transmitted to the nerve, either to a point close to the muscle at A, or at a distance from it, B.
Now we have the apparatus arranged so as to send the shock to the nerve at a point close to the muscle A; the muscle contracts, and draws by means of the marker, on the smoked surface of the glass, the curve seen at A in the lower part of the diagram. This leaves the horizontal line (which would be drawn by the marker were the muscle at rest) at A. We shall, in the next place, arrange for another experiment, in which the nerve will be stimulated at a distance from the muscle, at the point B, in the upper part of the diagram. This we do by again pushing the smoked glass plate back to its first position, closing the primary circuit by the brass arm at the binding screws, and reversing the commutator so as to send the shock along the wires to B. Touch the spring; the plate again darts across,
