Page:Life of William Shelburne (vol 2).djvu/18

 

CHAPTER XI

The French Revolution

1788–1793

PAGE

Gradual estrangement between Lord Lansdowne and Pitt—Pitt's India Bill—Invasion of Holland—Treaties of Loo and Berlin—Conference of Reichenbach—Pitt's policy in the East of Europe—The French Revolution—A letter of Mirabeau—Vaughan in Paris—Lord Lansdowne's views—Correspondence with Morellet—Hostility of Burke to Price and Priestley—Report of Lord Lansdowne being consulted by the King: "Measures not men"—The Birmingham Riots—Violent reaction—Priestley and Vaughan take refuge in the United States—Death of Price Madame de Flahault in Half Moon Street—Talleyrand in England—His introduction to Washington by Lord Lansdowne—Increasing dread of French principles in England—Lord Lansdowne's speech on the Proclamation against seditious writings—Reaction in England—Lord Lansdowne resists it—Death by violence of many friends in France—Correspondence with Morellet—Break-up of English parties—Quarrel of Fox and Burke, and of Lord Lansdowne and Barré—Commencement of reconciliation with Fox—Lady Ossory—Lord Wycombe—Mr. Grey—Vaughan becomes Member for Calne—Correspondence with Bentham as to the seat for the Borough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

368

 

CHAPTER XII

The New Whig Opposition

1793–1805

War with France—Question whether War could have been avoided—Lord Lansdowne's views—Foreign subsidies—Defeat of the Allies—Arbitrary measures at home—Lord Lansdowne and Fox join in opposing the policy of the Government at home and abroad—Seditious Meetings Bill—Attempt on the King's life—The social condition of the people of England—Lord Lansdowne's opposition to the increase of the debt and paper money—Rupture of the Negotiations at Lille—The reaction thereby intensified—Discouragement of the Opposition—A Libel on the House of Lords—"Scarcity of Ideas"—Relations of Fox and Lord Lansdowne—Rebellion in Ireland—Proposal for a Union—Lord Lansdowne's views—The King's illness—Negotiations carried on for the formation of a Whig Ministry—The Prince of Wales, Mr. Grey, and Lord Lansdowne—Negotiations terminated by the recovery of the King—The Addington Ministry—Peace of Amiens—Renewal of relations with friends in France—Failing health—Last speech in Parliament—The family circle at Bowood—Lord Henry Petty—The authorship of Junius—Last illness and death—Tribute by Jeremy Bentham, "A Minister that did not fear the people" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

402

 

APPENDIX I

A. The Proclamation of 1763 Relating to Indian Policy and the Boundaries of Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

439

B. The Preliminary Articles of Peace between Great Britain and the United States of America, 30th November 1782 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

444