untie it, I shall hold you for more than an Alexander.
Salv.These are scruples worthy of the ingenuity of Sagredus, and this doubt is so intricate, that even Copernicus himself almost despaired of being able to explain the same, so as to render it intelligible, which we see as well by his own confession of its obscurity, as also by his, at two several times, taking two different wayes to make it out. And, I ingenuously confesse that I understood not his explanation, till such time as another method more plain and manifest, had rendred it intelligible; and yet neither was that done without a long and laborious application of my thoughts to the same.
Simpl.Aristotle saw the same scruple,Aristotles argument against the Ancients, who held that the Earth was a Planet. and makes use thereof to oppose certain of the Ancients, who held that the Earth was a Planet; against whom he argueth, that if it were so, it would follow that it also, as the rest of the Planets, should have a plurality of motions, from whence would follow these variations in the risings and settings of the fixed stars, and likewise in the Meridian Altitudes. And in regard that he propoundeth the difficulty, and doth not answer it, it must needs be, if not impossible, at least very difficult to be resolved.
Salv.The stresse and strength of the knot rendereth the solution thereof more commendable and admirable; but I do not promise you the same at this time, and pray you to dispense with me therein till too morrow, and for the present we will go considering and explaining those mutations and differences that by means of the annual motion ought to be discerned in the fixed stars, like as even now we said, for the explication whereof certain preparatory points offer themselves, which may facilitate the answer to the grand objection. Now reassuming the two motions ascribed to the Earth (two I say, for the third is no motion, as in its place I will declare) that is the annual and diurnal,The annual motion made by the centre of the Earth under the Ecliptick and the diurnal motion made by the Earth about its own centre. the first is to be understood to be made by the centre of the Earth in or about the circumference of the grand Orb, that is of a very great circle described in the plain of the fixed and immutable Ecliptick; the other, namely the diurnal, is made by the Globe of the Earth in it self about its own centre, and own Axis, not erect, but inclined to the Plane of the Ecliptick, with the inclination of 23. degrees and an half, or thereabouts, the which inclination is maintained all the year about, and that which ought especially to be observed, is alwayes situate towards the same point of Heaven:The axis of the Earth continueth alwayes parallel to it self, and describeth a Cylindraical superficies, inclining to the grand Orb. in so much that the Axis of the diurnal motion doth alwayes remain parallel to it self; so that if we imagine that same Axis to be continued out until it reach the fixed stars, whilst the centre of the Earth is encircling the whole Ecliptick in a year, the said Axis describeth the super-ficies
