Night Country; or, Turf and Towers," 1873; and "Aristophanes' Apology," including a Transcript from Euripides, being "The Last Adventure of Balaustion," 1875; "The Agamemnon of Æschylus, transcribed," 1877; "La Saisiaz: the Two Poets of Croisic," 1878; "Dramatic Idyls," 1879; and "Joco-Seria," 1883. Mr. Browning has specially cultivated the arts of music and painting, with the history of both of which he is minutely and widely acquainted. The honorary degree of D.C.L. was conferred upon him by the University of Oxford in 1882. The "Browning Society," established in London, held its first meeting Oct. 28, 1881. According to its programme, "This Society is founded to gather together some, at least, of the many admirers of Bobert Browning, for the study and discussion of his works, and the publication of Papers on them, and extracts from works illustrating them. The Society will also encourage the formation of Browning Reading-Clubs, the acting of Browning's dramas by amateur companies, the writing of a Browning Primer, the compilation of a Browning Concordance or Lexicon, and, generally, the extension of the study and influence of the poet." The second edition, enlarged, of "A Bibliography of Robert Browning, from 1833 to 1881," compiled by Mr. Frederick J. Furnivall, was published at London, in 1882.
BRUCE, The Rev. John Collingwood, LL.D., F.S.A., born at Newcastle in 1805, was educated at his father's school, at Mill Hill Grammar School, and at the University of Glasgow. In 1826 he took the degree of M.A., and became LL.D. in 1853. In 1882 he received the degree of D.C.L. from the University of Durham. Though educated for the ministry of the Presbyterian Church, he did not enter orders, but joined his father in the management of his school. During the year 1881 he held the office of "Moderator" or President of the Presbyterian Church of England. He has written "A Handbook of English History," which has gone through four editions. All the recent editions of the "Introduction to Geography and Astronomy," of which his father was the principal author, were prepared by him. In 1851 he published an historical and descriptive account of the "Roman Wall," in the north of England, a third edition of which appeared in 1866. Dr. Bruce, in 1856, published "The Bayeaux Tapestry elucidated," containing a copy, on a reduced scale, of the entire tapestry. More recently he has published "A Handbook to Newcastle," and a "Wallet Book" for the use of Pilgrims to the Roman Wall. He has edited for the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle-upon-Tyne the "Lapidarium Septentrionale," a work in folio, which contains an account of all the monuments of Roman rule found in the North of England. This book was undertaken at the request of the late Algernon, fourth Duke of Northumberland, and is profusely illustrated by the liberality of that nobleman and others.
BRUCH, Max, musical composer, born at Cologne, Jan. 6, 1838, received his first musical instruction from his mother (née Almenräder), who was a highly esteemed teacher of music, and who often in her young days sang at the Rhenish musical festivals. At the age of eleven Bruch, then a pupil of Karl Breidenstein, attempted compositions on a large scale, and at the age of fourteen he had already brought out a Symphony at Cologne. From 1853 to 1857 he held the Mozart scholarship at Cologne, and in that capacity he was a special pupil of Ferdinand Hillier in the theory of music and composition; and of Karl Reinecke (till 1854), and of Ferdinand Breunnung in playing the piano. After
