Dec. 26, 1838, at Buttington Vicarage, Welshpool, Montgomeryshire. He received his education at Rossall school and at the University of Oxford, where he became a scholar of Jesus College, and first Burdett-Coutts geological scholar. He was appointed assistant geologist in Her Majesty's Geological Survey of Great Britain in 1862; geologist in 1867; Curator of the Manchester Museum, 1869; lecturer on geology in Owens College, Manchester, in 1870; Professor there in 1874; and President of the Manchester Geological Society in 1874. Professor Dawkins is the author of numerous essays in the "Proceedings" of the Geological, Anthropological, and Royal Societies, relating principally to fossil mammalia; "British Pleistocene Mammalia" in the "Proceedings" of the Palæontological Society, 1866-78; and "Cave-Hunting: Researches on the Evidences of Caves respecting the Early Inhabitants of Europe," 1874. In 1875 he went round the world, by way of Australia and New Zealand. In 1880 he published a work on "Early Man in Britain, and his place in the Tertiary Period"; and gave a series of lectures before the Lowell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. He was appointed, in 1882, a member of the scientific committee of the Channel Tunnel, and entrusted with the geological survey of the English and French coasts for that enterprise. He presided over the Anthropological section of the British Association at Southampton, in Aug., 1882; and on Oct. 17 in the same year he was elected an honorary Fellow of Jesus College, Oxford.
DAWSON, John William, LL.D., F.R.S., F.G.S.; C.M.G., a geologist and naturalist, born at. Pictou, Nova Scotia, in Oct. 1820. He studied in the University of Edinburgh, and returning home devoted himself to the study of the natural history and geology of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. The results of these investigations are embodied in his "Acadian Geology" (3rd ed. 1880). In 1842, and again in 1852, he accompanied Sir Charles Lyell in his explorations in Nova Scotia, aiding him materially in his investigations. Since 1843 he has contributed largely to the "Proceedings" of the London Geological Society, and to scientific periodicals. He has also published numerous monographs on special subjects connected with geology. His two volumes on the "Devonian and Carboniferous Flora of Eastern North America," published by the Geological Survey of Canada, and illustrated from drawings by his daughter, are the most important contributions yet made to the palæozoic botany of North America; and he is the discoverer of the Eozoön Canadense, of the Laurentian limestones, the oldest known form of animal life. In 1850 he was apppointed Superintendent of Education for Nova Scotia, and in 1855 became principal of the McGill University at Montreal, of which he is now Vice-Chancellor. He is a member of many learned societies in Europe and America. Among his works not already mentioned are: "Archaia, or Studies on the Cosmogony and Natural History of the Hebrew Scriptures," 1858, and "The Story of the Earth and Man," 1872, in which he combats the Darwinian theory of the origin of species. In 1875 he published "The Dawn of Life,"—an account of the oldest known fossil remains, and of their relations to geological time and the development of the animal kingdom; in 1877 appeared "The Origin of the World," and in 1878 "Fossil Men and their Modern Representatives." In 1880 appeared "The Change of Life in Geological Time,"—a sketch of the origin and succession of animals and plants. He has also contributed largely to the Canadian Naturalist, and to many educational,
