In 1875 she was elected an Associate of the Royal Society of Painters in Water-Colours. Mrs. Allingham has also exhibited "The Harvest Moon," "The Clothes-Line," "The Convalescent," "The Lady of the Manor," "The Children's Tea," "The Well," and many scenes of English rural life. Among her recent works are several portraits of Thomas Carlyle.
ALLINGHAM, William, born at Ballyshannon, on the picturesque River Erne, in the north-west of Ireland, a locality to which many of his lyrics refer, and where his family, originally English, had been settled during many generations. After contributing to the Athenæum, Household Words (in the first number of which "The Wayside Well" appeared), and other periodicals, his first volume, "Poems," was published in 1850; in 1854 appeared "Day and Night Songs," and in 1855 an enlarged edition of the same, with illustrations by D.G. Rossetti, Millais, and A. Hughes; "Laurence Bloomfield in Ireland: a Modern Poem, in twelve chapters," first appeared in Fraser's Magazine, and subsequently in a volume, 1869. It extends to nearly 5,000 lines in decasyllabic couplets, and sketches the characteristic features of contemporary Irish life, a subject entirely new in narrative poetry. Mr. Allingham was for some years editor of Fraser, to which he also contributed many prose articles. A volume entitled, "Songs, Poems, and Ballads," was published in 1877, and contains revised versions of many former pieces, with the addition of many others "now first collected." The marriage of Mr. Allingham and Miss Helen Paterson, the artist, took place in 1874. They have three children, two boys and a girl, and reside at Witley, near Godalming, in Surrey.
ALLMAN, George James, M.D., LL.D., F.R.C.S.I., F.R.S., F.R.S.E., M.R.I.A., F.L.S., and member of various foreign societies, born at Cork in 1812, was educated at the Belfast Academic Institution, and graduated in Arts and Medicine in the University of Dublin. His early attachment to civil and religious liberty and his sense of the injustice of the laws then affecting Roman Catholics, caused him to throw himself warmly into the liberal side of Irish politics, and mainly decided him in studying for the Irish bar. His love of biological science, however, which had from an early age taken possession of him, proved too strong, and, before he had completed the required number of terms, he gave up the study of law for that of medicine. In 1844 he graduated in Medicine in the University of Dublin, and in the same year was appointed to the Regius Professorship of Botany in that university, when he relinquished all further thought of medical practice. In 1854 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, and in 1855 he resigned his professorship in the University of Dublin on his appointment to the Regius Professorship of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh, which he held until 1870, when the state of his health obliged him to resign it. Shortly after this the honorary degree of LL.D. was conferred on him by the University of Edinburgh. His chief scientific labours have been among the lower members of the animal kingdom, to the investigation of whose structure and physiology he has specially devoted himself. For his researches in this department of biology the Royal Society of Edinburgh awarded to him in 1872 the Brisbane Prize; in the following year a Royal Medal was awarded to him by the Royal Society of London; and in 1878 he received the Cunningham Gold Medal from the Royal Irish Academy. He was one of the Commissioners appointed by Government in 1876 to inquire into the state of the Queen's Colleges in Ireland, and he holds an honorary
