MACLEAN— MACMAHON.
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Threefold Ministry," a sermon, 1875. In conjunction with Dr. ArchibaJd Weir he edited "The Church and the Age : Essays on the Principles and present Position of the Anglican Church/' 1870.
MACLEAN, The Right Eev. John, D.C.L., D.D., son of Mr. Charles Maclean of Portsoy, BanlF- shire, Scotland, born in 1828, took the degree of M.A. at Aberdeen, and that of D.C.L. at Toronto. He was appointed curate of St. Patd's, London, Canada, in 1858 ; Arch- deacon of Manitoba and Professor of Divinity in St. John's College in 1866, and Bishop of the new dio- cese of Saskatchewan in 1873. The diocese comprises the most fertile portion of the valley of the river Saskatchewan, which rises at the base of the Bocky Mountains, and after flowing across the continent discharges i& waters into Hudson's Bay, through Lake Winnipeg, on the eastern coast.
MACMAHON, Mabie Edme Patrick Mattbicb de. Due de Ma- genta, a Marshal of Prance, ex-Pre- sident of the French Eepublic, bom at Sully, July 13, 1808, derives his descent from an Irish family who risked and lost all for the last of the Stuart kings. The Mac- Mahons, carrying their national traditions, ancestral pride, and his- toric name to France, mingled their blood by marriage with the old nobility of their adopted country. This member of the family entered the military service of Prance in 1825, at the school of St. Cyr ; was sent to the Algerian wars in 1830 ; while acting as aide-de-camp to Gen. Achard, took part in the ex- pedition to Antwerp in 1832 ; at- tained to the rank of captain in 1833 ; and, after holding the post of aide-de-camp to several African generals, and taking part in the assault of Constantino, was nomi- nated Major of Foot Chasseurs in 1840, Lieut-Col. of the Foreign Legion in 1842, Colon^ of the 4l8t of the Line in 1845^ and General of
Brigade in 1848. When, in 1865, Gen. Canrobert left the Crimea, Gen. MacMahon, then in France, was selected by the Emperor to succeed him in the command of a division; and when the chiefs of allied armies resolved on assaidting Sebastopol, Sept. 8, they assigned to Gen. Macmahon the perilous post of carrying the works of the Malakoff . For his brilliant success on this occasion he was made Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour; and in 1856 was nominated a Knight Grand Cross of the Bath. Gen. MacMahon, who took a con- spicuous part in the Italian cam- paign of 1859, received the bftton of a Marshal, and was created Duke of Magenta, in commemora- tion of that victory. He represented Prance at the coronation of Wil- liam III. of Prussia, in Nov., 1861, was nominated to the command of the 3rd corps d*ann4e Oct. 14, 1862, and was nominated Governor- General of Algeria by decree Sept. 1, 1864. In this capacity he in- augurated a new system, the ten- dency of which was to create an Arab kingdom. It proved, how- ever, a complete failure. The French and other European colo- nists became so dissatisfied, that in 1868 a large number of them left for Brazil, while thousands of the natives perished from hunger. A great outcry was raised in France against the Marshal, whose policy was also severely censured by Mgr. de Lavigerie, Bishop of Algiers. On the breaking out of the war with Prussia, Marshal MacMahon was intrusted with the command ' of the First Army Corps, whose head-quarters were at Strasburg. On Aug. 6, 1870, the Crown Prince of Prussia attacked the united Army Corps of Generals MacMahon, Failly, and Canrobert, drawn up in a position at Woerth. MacMahon had under him 50,000 men in all, and occupied a strong defensive position on the slopes of the Yosges, but the French line was turned by
