Page:Metaphysics by Aristotle Ross 1908 (deannotated).djvu/13

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CONTENTS

Ch. Α.
1. The advance from sensation through memory, experience, and art, to theoretical knowledge.  
2. Characteristics of 'wisdom' (philosophy).  
3. The successive recognition by earlier philosophers of the material, efficient, and final causes.  
4. Inadequacy of the treatment of these causes.  
5. The Pythagorean and Eleatic schools; the former recognizes vaguely the formal cause.  
6. The Platonic philosophy; it uses only the material and formal causes.  
7. The relation of the various systems to the four causes.  
8. Criticism of the pre-Platonic philosophers.  
9. Criticism of the doctrine of Ideas.  
10. The history of philosophy reveals no causes other than the four.  
α.
1. General considerations about the study of philosophy.  
2. There cannot be an infinite series, nor an infinite variety of kinds, of causes.  
3. Different methods are appropriate to different studies.  
Β.
1. Sketch of the main problems of philosophy.  
2. Fuller statement of the problems:—  
(i)Can one science treat of all the four causes?  
(ii) Are the primary axioms treated of by the science of substance, and if not, by what science?  
(iii) Can one science treat of all substances?  
(iv) Does the science of substance treat also of its attributes ?  
(v) Are there any non-sensible substances, and if so, of how many kinds?  
3. (vi) Are the genera, or the constituent parts, of things their first principles ?  
(vii) If the genera, is it the highest genera or the lowest ?  
4. (viii) Is there anything apart from individual things ?  
(ix) Is each of the first principles one in kind, or in number ?  
(x) Are the principles of perishable and of imperishable things the same?  
(xi) Are being and unity substances or attributes ?  
5. (xii) Are the objects of mathematics substances ?  

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