162 NEW BOOKS. judgment of successive tones, alter a preliminary section (pp. 1-133) on sense- judgments generally. We hope to return to the work at greater length. Priiludien. Aufsatze u. Reden zur Einleitung in die Philosophic. Von WILHELM WIXDELBAND, Professor an der Universitat Strassburg. Freiburg i. B. u. Tubingen : Mohr, 1884. Pp. vii., 325. The author, having been occupied for years with the historical studies that resulted in his recent Gcschichte der neuern Philosophic, and being now to pass to independent philosophical investigation, offers in the] ten essays here brought together a sort of programme of his future line of work. The subjects are the following : (1) What is Philosophy ? (2) On Socrates ; (3) In Memory of Spinoza ; (4) Immanuel Kant ; (5) On Friedrich Hol- derlin ; (6) On Thinking and Reflection ; (7) Norms and Natural Laws ; (8) Critical or Genetic Method ? (9) On the Principle of Morality ; (10) Sub specie leternitatis : only (3) and (6) have been printed before. The point of view is in the main Kantian. " All of us who philosophise in the 19th century are followers of Kant" ; "but to understand Kant means to go beyond him ". On Mr. Spencer's Data of Ethics. By MALCOLM GUTHRIE. London : Foulger. Pp. about 120. " This forthcoming volume concludes the author's critical examination of Mr. Spencer's works considered as a system of cosmical explanation. Since Mr. Spencer places the understanding of Ethics upon the understanding of purposed action and affiliates the latter upon the understanding of action in general, this view of Ethics is first examined (c. 1). Afterwards the more limited and properly scientific view of Ethics in relation to biological and sociological Evolution is considered (cc. 2-4). An inquiry as to the nature and authority of the Ethical Imperative occupies c. 5, showing its complex and variously relative nature. Previous systems of Ethics as affected by Evolution, are then considered (c. 6). The problem and ex- planation of Free-will is examined from an evolutionary point of view in c. 7 ; a consideration of Evolution and Religion occupies c. 8 ; and the Summary (c. 9) completes the work. The aim of the critic has been to examine the Data of Ethics as dependent upon and as related to the whole scheme of Philosophy as propounded by Mr. Spencer." Other BOOKS received : H. Coke, Creeds of the Day, or Collated Opinions of Reputable Thinkers, 2 vols. London : Triibner, pp. 302, 324. W. Arthur, On the Difference between Physical and Moral Law (Fernley Lecture). London : Woolmer, pp. 244. Le Comte Goblet D'Alviella, L 'evolution religieuse contemporaine cJiez les Anglais, les Ame'ncains et les Hindous. Paris : Bailliere, pp. 431. O. Schrader, Sprachveryleichuny u. Urgeschichte. Jena : Costenoble, pp. 490.
