elections, returns, and qualifications of its own members; shall choose its own officers; and the senate shall choose a temporary president when the lieutenant governor shall not attend as president, or shall act as governor.
§ 11. [Journals; public sessions; adjournments.]—Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish the same, except such parts as may require secrecy. The doors of each house shall be kept open, except when the public welfare shall require secrecy. Neither house shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than two days.
§ 12. [Privileges of members.]—For any speech or debate in either house of the legislature the members shall not be questioned in any other place.
§ 13. [Bills may originate in either house.]—Any bill may originate in either house of the legislature, and all bills passed by one house may be amended by the other.
§ 14. [Enacting clause.]—The enacting clause of all bills shall be "The People of the state of New York, represented in senate and assembly, do enact as follows," and no law shall be enacted except by bill.
§ 15. [Manner of passing bills.]—No bill shall be passed unless by the assent of a majority of all the members elected to each branch of the legislature, and the question upon the final passage shall be taken immediately upon its last reading, and the yeas and nays entered on the journal.
§ 16. [Private and local bills limited to one subject.]—No private or local bill, which may be passed by the legislature, shall embrace more than one subject, and that shall be expressed in the title.
§ 17. [Boards of supervisors may be vested with legislative powers.]—The legislature may confer upon the boards of supervisors of the several counties of the state such further powers of local legislation and administration as they shall, from time to time, prescribe.
ARTICLE IV.
Section 1. [Governor and lieutenant governor; term of office.]—The executive power shall be vested in a governor, who shall hold his office for two years; a lieutenant governor shall be chosen at the same time and for the same term.
§ 2. [Qualifications of governor.]—No person, except a citizen of the United States, shall be eligible to the office of governor, nor shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained the age of thirty years, and who shall not have been, five years next preceding his election, a resident within this state.
§ 3. [Election of governor and lieutenant governor.]—The governor and lieutenant governor shall be elected at the times and places of choosing members of the assembly. The persons respectively having
