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POLITICAL VIEWS AND ANTICIPATIONS
473

which Zarathustra calls," is another statement.[1] Wars for conceptions, for fundamental philosophical doctrines, will be the wars of the future, i.e., those that signify anything.[2] It follows that peace between the different nations and stocks on the earth as they exist now, a mutual agreement to live and let live, universal brotherhood, is undesirable and would cut athwart the law of life and progress.[3] Yet in the end, when, as a result of competition and conflict, those really fitted to organize the world had proved themselves and accomplished their work, a different situation would arise and a universal reign of law would seem to be inevitable. I say "in the end," though in fact there might be end beyond end, the work of organization never being perfect, the completely ordered world remaining forever an ideal. In that case struggle and competition would ever and anon arise afresh.

  1. Werke (pocket ed.), VII, 486, § 39.
  2. Werke, XII, 207, § 441.
  3. Nietzsche's recognition of this does not exclude a belief in international associations of a variety of kinds. He wished as many of them as possible, to the end of accustoming men to world-perspectives (see Werke, XIII, 362, § 891; cf. ibid., 359, § 883, as to freedom of travel enabling groups of like-minded men to come together and found fellowships). He even looked for a new international language—devised at the start for commercial purposes, then utilizable for intellectual intercourse; it might be long before it came, but it was as certain as the navigation of the air (Human, etc., § 267).