216
NOTES AND QUERIES. [10* s. n. SEPT. 10,
fifty - three years. His predecessor was
Thomas Collis, who died 30 January, 1833,
after holding office fifty -two years, and
succeeding John Colledge, who, according to
an old weather-worn stone, still standing in
the churchyard, died 12 September, 1781.
Ho\v long Colledge held office cannot now
be ascertained.
I am told that the following lines are to be seen on a stone in Shenley Churchyard : Silent in dust lies mouldering here, A Parish Clerk of voice most clear. None Joseph Rogers could excel In laying bricks or singing well ; Though snapp'd his line, laid by his rod We build for him our hopes in God.
There is in Cromer Churchyard a stone "sacred to the memory of David Vial, who departed this life the 26th of March, 1873, aged 94 years, for sixty years clerk of this parish."
A chapter is devoted to ' Parish Clerks and Sextons 5 in "Curious Epitaphs: collected and edited by William Andrews " (1899). See also 8 th S. v. 412 ; 9 th S. x. 306, 373, 434, 517 ; xi. 53, 235, 511 ; xii. 115, 453.
JOHN T. PAGE.
West Haddon, Northamptonshire.
A lady friend of mine, still living, and the daughter of a clergyman, assured me that in a country parish, where the church service was conducted in a very free-and-easy, go-as- you-please sort of way, the clerk, looking up at the parson, asked, " What shall we do next, zurr 1 " EDWARD P. WOLFERSTAN.
45, Lincoln's Inn Fields.
At the village church of Whittington, near Oswestry, there is a well-known epitaph which may interest MR. DITCHFIELD :
" March 13th, 1766, died Thomas Evans, Parish Clerk, aged 72.
Old Sternhold's lines or ' Vicar of Bray,' Which he tuned best 'twas hard to say."
WM. JAGGARD. 139, Canning Street, Liverpool.
VACCINATION AND INOCULATION (10 th S. ii 27, 132). It was not always the custom to enter into residence for treatment ir the manner indicated in the advertise ment quoted at the second reference Persons were frequently inoculated in thei own homes, as well as in places of genera resort. Sometimes there was preparatory treatment, sometimes not. Gradually the preparatory treatment resolved itself into two opposing methods, known as the " cool " and the "warm." At the period of the advertisement the former had almost ousted the latter, and we may conclude therefore
hat the particular treatment it refers to>
was a variant of the "Suttonian" method.
?his acquired its name from its inventor
)r. Daniel Sutton, who opened an inoculating
louse at Ingatestone in Essex about 1764.
A fortnight was required in which to prepare
he patient for the operation. During this
ime animal food (except milk), spices, and
ntoxicants were forbidden. Fruit of all
dnds was permitted, except when purges
- vere to be taken, which was on three occa-
ions during the fortnight. After the opera- ion the treatment was of the "open air" find, for except to sleep, a patient was not allowed to go to bed, but must be in the open air, even when too ill to stand alone. Copious draughts of cold water were recom- mended. According to the Rev. Robert Houlton, in three years some 20,000 persons were inoculated by Sutton and his assistants without a single death.
Inoculation is an illegal, and it may be a barbarous operation, but it is well to- remember that it is strictly analogous with the inoculations for chicken cholera, anthrax, and rabies, introduced by Pasteur. Variola- tion, though a dangerous practice, can at least claim to be based on scientific grounds, viz., the prevention or modification of a disease by artificially inducing a mild attack of that disease (Prof. Crookshank, ' History and Pathology of Vaccination,' p. 464).
E. G. B.
SILK MEN : SILK THROWSTERS (10 th S. ii. 128). The Silk Throwers, or Throwsters, were constituted a fellowship in 1562, but were not incorporated till 1630. The Silk- men were incorporated in 1631. In 1697 the silk weavers of London, in the belief that the importation of India silks and calicoes was the cause of their business proving less beneficial than it otherwise would be, assaulted the East India House, and were near getting possession of the Company's treasure before they were dispersed by the- civil power.
In the year 1608 an attempt had been made- under the immediate patronage of King James to produce silk in England, and circular letters were sent to all the counties directing the planting of mulberry trees, with instructions for the breeding and feed- ing silkworms, &c. This scheme was not successful, yet it was not wholly discontinued even so late as 1629, as may be inferred from a grant to Walter, Lord Aston, &c., of the custody of the garden, mulberry trees, and silkworms near St. James's, in the county of Middlesex. The silk manufacture, how- ever, had become so flourishing that in the
