9th S. IV. Oct. 21, '99.] 333 NOTES AND QUERIES. armourer, also of Wimbledon. The question arises. Are not these alleged Cromwella and Smyths both aliases for one stem, meaning that the Smyth or armourer was a Cromwell! We do find that the earl's father, Walter, son of John, is called a blacksmith, smith being a worker in metals, and originally the tribal armourer; cf. Wayland the smith. Crom- well is a parish near Southwell, Notts, and any John or William from Cromwell might migrate to Norwell or Wimbledon, yet be un- connected with the baronial family so named ; and if it is once admitted that a Cromwell of Norwell was a blacksmith, his place in the pedigree remains purely speculative. A. H. "Bucks and "Good Fellows" in 1778 (9th S. iv. 225). — At the beginning of the nineteenth century the "Craven Tavern in Craven Street and the Strand (formerly the "Globe") was a meeting • place for the festivities held by the "Senior Bucks' Lodge." Such lodges are described as having been "spurious offshoots of the Freemasons." In 'Tavern Anecdotes,' 1825, we are told that " the famous and noble Order of Bucks held its meetings at the ' Thatched House' Tavern, St. James's Street, but formerly they were held at the 'Sun' in Monkwell Street. Increasing, however, in numbers and respectability, the order removed nearer the Court, for the accommodation of the nobility and gentry of which it is composed." — P. 109. According to Bailey's ' English Dialect Words of the Eighteenth Century,' a " buck " was a cant name for a cuckold. But the application of the term to the jeunesse dorie appears to have been originally in accordance with the prevalent use of hunting terms. J. HOLDEN MaG'MicHAEL. " Conservative " as a Political Term (8th S. vi. 61, 181 ; vii. 350; xi. 494).—In my previous contributions under this heading I nave shown that Canning—and not Croker, as has usually been supposed — was the inventor of "Conservative" as an English political term. It may now be added that, paradoxical as the idea may sound, the original suggestion came from the Whigs. Speaking at a dinner of the Whig Club, as reported in the Morning Chronicle or 6 March, 1799, Fox, in returning thanks for the toast of his health, submitted from the chair by the Duke of Norfolk, observed :— "This Club had been truly said to be a con- servatory of the principles of our ancestors, when all other descriptions seemed eager to forget them." Erskine, who subsequently responded to the toast of " Mr. Erskine and the Trial by Jury," echoed and emphasized the idea, while claiming himself to have invented it, for he said :— " That illustrious Friend of Liberty, who has just addressed you has told you of the benefits derived to the public from the institution of this club, and he has even borrowed a phrase from me —the best proof that I had correctly expressed myself -that our institution operated as a con- servatory of public freedom." And the phrase attracted such public attention that in 'The Spirit of the Public Journals for 1799'(p. 161) it was attributed to Fox, but with the note :— " This was esteemed so happy an expression that Mr. K[rskin]e, with symptoms of jealousy, claimed it as his." Alfred F. Bobbins. Portrait of Speaker Sir Edward Tur- nour (9th S. iv. 249).- Burke says Sir Edward Tumour had an only daughter, but men- tions no marriage. Cf. Burke's ' Peerage,' s.th 'Winterton.' Sir Edward represented Orford in Suffolk in three Parliaments from 1710 to 1714. Mr. Josselyn may be interested to know that the exceptionally fine silver-gilt mace belonging to the Orford Town Trust was presented to the corporation by Sir Edward Tumour. W. Sancroft Bandall. Old Charlton, Kent. Horse-bread (9th S. iv. 83, 173).—Mr. Peacock may perhaps not have had an opportunity of traversing Eastern and South- Eastern Switzerland recently. The horses used in the Government post service are fed on bread made up into long loaves. This may be seen in use any day on the passes into the Engadine W. H. Quarrell. Ashby de la Zouche. I find in 'Collectanea Curiosa,' Oxford, 1781, vol. ii. p. 16, under No. III., 'The Cry in Sturbridge Fair' :— " Also that every Baker that baketh Horse-Bread to sell, that he sell iij loaves for a penny, after good and lawful size, and after such size, as shall be given them, and that be made of good peas, beanos, and other lawfull stuff, upon the payn aforesaid." Then on p. 17 :— " Also that every Innkeeper that keepeth Inn, that he have his Bottles of Hay well and lawfully made and sized and that every Bottle weigh vij pound, and that he sell no less [than] three Horse- loaves, good and lawful, for a penny, under the payn of punishment after the discretion of the officers of the University [Oxford or Cambridge?]." Alf. J. King. 101, Sandmere Road, Clapham, 8.W. Victor Hugo: "The Flying Dutchman" (9th S. iv. 109, 194).—In addition to 'The Phantom Ship,' by Capt. Marryat, mentioned
