174
NOTES AND QUERIES. [9 th s. VIL MAKCH 2, 1901.
tables of contents is headed 'Seamanship,'
and another ' A Key to Rigging and Seatnan-
ship.' MR. KENT was therefore, I think,
justified in describing the work as " Lever's
Seamanship."
Doubtless the one hundred and eleven full - page illustrations are on copper, for Timperley, in his 'History of Printers and Printing/ says : " Messrs. Perkins & Co., of Philadelphia, introduced into London, in the year 1819, a mode of engraving on soft steel, which, when hardened, will multiply fine impressions indefinitely."
EVERARD HOME COLEMAN. 71, Brecknock Road.
MR. KENT appears to equate Kent with G went, which is generally traced, like Kennet, to Celtic ceann, a head, while Gwent is very possibly a survival of Venta. But who was John of Gwent 1 ? Are we to abstract the town of Ghent from Belgium ?
Admiral Sir George Strong Nares derives from the justice, also Sir George, who died in 1786, having married Mary, daughter of Sir John Strange, Master of the Rolls ; hence the baptismal name, not inherited by Dr. James Nares the musician, a younger brother of the justice, nor, by consequence, by Arch- deacon Robert Nares, F.R.S., I believe the " Glossartst," who was the musician's son.
These details are from a pedigree kindly furnished to me by the admiral, with whom I claim a family connexion. A. H.
MR. PHILIP KENT will find a curious effusion, ascribed on contemporary authority to his kinsman Archdeacon Nares, in Tuck- well's 'Reminiscences of Oxford,' p. 180
P.
PUBLIC MOURNING (9 th S. vii. 150). A re- markable feature during the present mourn- ing was the retaining of the black shutters at the places of business on the day after the burial of the Queen at Windsor ; arid in some cases they were not taken down for several days beyond. There seems to have been a general reluctance to remove these outward signs of sorrow. N. S. S.
DUTTON FAMILY (9 th S. vi. 409, 517 ; vii. 54, 117). I think that there can be little doubt that, with one exception, the four esquires of Lord Audley at Poitiers afterwards bore the fret as part of their arms, but I do not think the Duttons bore a fret because a Dutton was one of these esquires.
In the first place, is it not questionable whether they would have been allowed to bear the fret as a quartering? for it would appear as if their claim to bear it so was from
having married an heiress whose father bore
this fret. Further, the arms of Dutton of
Hatton were Quarterly, argent and gules;
in the second and third a fret argent. And
Gules, a fret argent, were not the Audley
arms, but the arms of the very ancient family
of Le Fleming.
Then, again, the fact that the Lords De- fencer bore before Poitiers Quarterly, argent and gules, second and third a fret or, over all a t)end sable, would point to there having been a family who bore these arms without the bend sable. What family was thisl Most likely it was Dutton, for we find that some of the Cheshire Duttons bore Quarterly, argent and gules ; in the first and fourth a bend sable, in the second and third a fret or, while other Cheshire Duttons bore Quarterly, argent and gules, over all a bend sable.
I have long thought that the tradition that Sir Thomas Dutton of Dutton was one of Lord Audley's esquires arose from the Duttons bearing a fret in their arms. I cannot find any proof that they held under the Audleys. Who then were the four esquires'? Were they not Sir John Delves of Delves and Doddington, Sir John Hawk- stone of Wrinehill and Astbury, Sir Robert Fouleshurst of Barthomley, and (Sir) Richard de Snede of Snede and Tunstall and Brad- well 1 Delves bore the Audley fret on the chevron, Hawkstone on the fesse, Foules- hurst in the field. Sir John Delves was the son of Richard de Delves, the con- stable of Lord Audley's castle of Helegh, in Staffordshire, and I think he himself held also the same post, and held lands under the Audleys. The Hawkstones held under the Audleys, near the latter's castle of Red Castle, in Shropshire. Barthomley, the home of the Fouleshursts, was close to Helegh Castle, and I think they also held lands under the Audleys. With respect to the Sneyds, the late Ralph Sneyd of Keele used to say that he had proof that Richard de Snede was one of the four esquires of Lord Audley at Poitiers. You will see what I say is confirmed in Ward's ' History of Stoke- upon-Trent,' p. 79. In an old pedigree of the Trenthams of Rocester Richard de Snede is said to have been one of these esquires; and this pedigree being about three hundred years old, the tradition, it would seem, was in being within two hundred and fifty years after Poitiers. But why did not the Sneyds bear in their shield the Audley fret 1 Because they had a right to use the Audley arms, viz., Gules, a fret or, being descended in the male line from Liulf de Alditheley. Also Richard de Snede might have quartered the arms, as his
