336
NOTES AND QUERIES. [9 th s. vii. APRIL 27, 1901.
ancient nature or phallic worship. The
subject is now being worked out by me more
fully, with the aid of further information
recently collected. The superstitions con-
nected with these stones generally relate to
phallic subjects, and much curious infor-
mation will be found in the publications of
the Morbihan and other French antiquarian
societies. Mr. Lang, in his article on the * Cup
and Ring,' mentions how in Argyll a woman
who desires to have a baby will slide down a
cup-marked (i.e., an inscribed) rock, and adds
that the sliding is attested by a chief of
Clan Diarmid. MM. Piette and Sacasse
relate similar instances in the Breton
country. Unfortunately I have not their
book at hand for reference.
J. H. RIVETT-CARNAC. Schloss Wildeck, Switzerland.
"Qui VIVE?" (9 th S. vii. 245.) This ex- pression is noticed in Hatzfeld's 'Diction- naire': "Compose de qui et vive, subjonctif de wwe : proprement * vive qui 1 ' c'est-a- dire 'pour qui etes-vous ? '" (See arts. 'Qui vive ' and ' Vivre.') An example dated "xvi e -xvii e siecle" is given: "II resppndit ' Vezins ' au qui vive." Nothing is said of qui vive being a corruption of chi viva, which looks like a fictitious phrase, the usual Italian being chi e la ? or chi va la ? Anyhow, Hatz- feld's explanation is simple and obvious.
F. ADAMS.
The would-be explanation given in L'lnter- mediaire is fancy-work, nor is qui vive equiva- lent to qui vit, to which MR. LYNN objects rightly that the subjunctive mood of the phrase would not be accounted for. " Vive la republique ! " he says, " means ' May the republic live ! ' (i.e., continue) and Qui vive ? should mean not ' Who lives ? ' but 'Who may live ? ' " And so it is. The soldiers or par- tisans in the French armies of former cen- turies used as favourite war-cry and pass- word the names of their leaders or employers in combination with the vive in question, e.g., "Vive le Due de Bourbon" ("Vivat Dux," &c.), so that it became a set phrase. Owing to this they used it also when challenging the
or occupation," never "cultivation or occu-
pation" or "cultivation" only. But as an
alteration in meaning necessitates a different
etymology for " manurance," MR. MAYALL is
right in directing attention to what is perhaps
an erroneous conclusion on my part. For on
the analogy of tenure, I had in my own mind
derived " manurance " from maneo, which is
plausible enough in itself, but will scarcely
stand against the older use of " manurance."
HOLCOMBE INGLEBY.
ARUNDEL : WALDEN (9 th S. vii. 28, 155, 231). Reading CANON TAYLOR'S reply at the last reference, I notice, while condemning sham antiquarian names, he says, " The Cam was a name given to the Granta so as to explain the name Cambridge." I do not wisn to challenge his statement about the name Cam, which may or may not be correct, but will he kindly furnish us with his authority for stating that the river Cam ever bore the name of the Granta, or furnish proof of the same ? For in this statement I am inclined j j to fear he himself is one of those guilty sham antiquaries. We certainly want no sham topography, any more than genealogy, to mislead us. I have rowed on the Arun, and have always understood it derived its name from the arrow reeds which grew on its sides, Lat. Arundo phragmites.
GRANTHAM TOM.
Shrinking from venturing to tread in the thorny paths of philology, let me say that the " penk " is a common enough name of the minnow, and is used by Izaak Walton ; sometimes it is called a "pink." Besides Penkridge, there is in the same county (Stafford) a place called Penkhull (locally Penkle) ; and in Cornwall, St. Michael Penke- vell and Pencrebar. I have always under- stood that the prefix pen means a hill.
JOHN PICKFORD, M.A.
Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.
TALBOT SURNAME AND FAMILY (9 th S. vi.
242, 412). "Now is it not possible that Car-
town, co. Kildare (one of the seats of the Irish
Talbots in the seventeenth century), may
other partv, only putting the stereotyped | h , a . ve ^ SO name <J after Carr in Lanca- formula in' the interrogative form: "Qui- * hire V ^Presume that the above extract
1 from MR. J. TALBOT'S note refers to Carton,
vive ? " " Vivat quis ? " " Who do you say-
may live long 1 " DR. G. KRUEGER.
Berlin.
"MANURANCE" (9 th S. vii. 125, 274). The two extracts from the Sedgeford Tithe Award are : " When in the manurance or occupation of the vicar himself, "and "When the said glebe lands are not in the manurance of the owner thereof." The modern phraseology is " tenure
Maynooth, co. Kildare, the present seat of
the Dukes of Leinster. The rental book of
Gerald, ninth Earl of Kildare, A.D. 1518, was
published in the Kilkenny Archaeological
Journal in the year 1866 by the late Herbert
Francis Hore, Esq. He states that the ori-
ginal is a MS. in the British Museum, num-
bered 3756 in the Harleian collection. Among
\ the place - names mentioned in the rental
