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Arrangement of grains
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Then, if the grains are in relative motion, under pressure, from the outside, such relative motion would entail the separation of the mean positions of the grains, according to the outside pressure and the relative velocity of the grains—the piling remaining normal.
Fig. 3.
The curvature as shown in model 3, in which the grains are in a bowl in two layers, the bowl being somewhat tilted, is very evident in the lines of grains in the lower layer which extend beyond the grains in the upper layer. And the conformation of the lines of grains in the upper layer may be traced.
