This volume was written largely from first sources, the author having been personally familiar with the Oregon Country for more than a half century. His gratitude is due, however, to the following members of the Oregon Historical Society: Curator George H. Himes, Hon. Binger Herman, Hon. John Gill, Mr. Leslie M. Scott, Mr. Frederick V. Holman, Mr. T. C. Elliott, and Capt. O. C. Applegate, for valuable suggestions, and to other authorities freely consulted in the preparation of this book. These are mentioned later with more data than can appear in the preface. All have wisely interpreted their observations and have commendably performed their part in preserving and exalting the history of Oregon and the Pacific Northwest. Hence with the encouragement and aid offered by these and others, the task of preparing this publication has been hopefully pursued with one advantage over its predecessors — the opportunity of gleaning the choicest from all of them.
The reader will observe that the volume is offered essentially as a history of Oregon with only such reference
