ally) which has been cut away, not at the sides as ours have, but in front. It is then a great bell-shaped vestment with a hole through which the head is put, reaching to the feet behind and at the sides, and scooped out in front up to about the waist.[1] Before all bishops used the sakkos they had specially rich phainolia covered all over with little crosses, called Polystauria (πολυσταύρια — many crosses). The priest has no omophorion. He wears all his vestments only for the Holy Liturgy and on a few other occasions. Generally, if he is not about to celebrate the liturgy, he wears only the epitrachelion and phainolion over his cassock; so the phainolion is used as both chasuble and cope. The Deacon wears the sticharion and epimanikia, but no girdle. As his sticharion is always seen, it is generally more ornamented than those of the bishop and priest and it has shorter sleeves. It looks very like our dalmatic. The deacon's stole is not called epitrachelion but Orarion (ὠράριον): it hangs from the left shoulder (to which it is pinned) straight to the ground before and behind. It is narrower than the epitrachelion and usually has the word Holy (ἃγιος) embroidered on it three times. Whenever the deacon has to give a sign during the liturgy he takes the end of his orarion in the right hand and motions with it. When he goes to receive Holy Communion he winds it around his body. Other clerks wear a shorter sticharion and an orarion wound around them.[2] All wear the kalemaukion (hat, p. 340) with vestments out of doors, at processions, &c. They have no sort of surplice.[3]
The vessels used for the Holy Liturgy are the Chalice (ποτήριον), the Diskos (δίσκος), which is a paten, but much larger and deeper than ours (they use, of course, leavened bread), with a foot on
- ↑ Some phainolia, however, are quite long in front loo, and have to be held up over the arms during the liturgy.
- ↑ This is an abuse. The Council of Laodicea (c. 360) forbade any one below the rank of deacon to wear an orarion (Canon 22: "It is not meet for the server to wear an orarion nor to go away from the doors," Lauchert, 74).
- ↑ For the vestments see R. Storf: Die griechischen Liturgien, pp. 13, 14, and especially E. d'Or. v. pp. 129-139; for the garments from which they were evolved, J. Wilpert: Die Gewandung der Christen in den ersten Jahrhunderten, Köln, 1898. See also the illustration of bishop, priest, and deacon vested for the Holy Liturgy, p. 405.
