the winter in the alburnum, and that from this fluid, or substance, dissolved in the ascending aqueous sap, is deirived the matter which enters into the composition of the new leaves in the spring, and thus furnishes those organs, which were not wanted during the winter, but which are essential to the further progress of vegetation.
Few persons at all conversant with timber are ignorant, that the alburnum, or sap-wood of trees, which are felled in the autumn or winter, is much superior in quality to that of other trees of the same species, which are suffered to stand till the spring, or summer: it is at once more firm and tenacious in its texture, and more durable. This superiority in winter-felled wood has been generally attributed to the absence of the sap at that season; but the appearance and qualities of the wood seem more justly to warrant the conclusion, that some substance has been added to, instead of taken from it, and many circumstances induced me to suspect that this substance is generated, and deposited within it, in the preceding summer and autumn.
Du Hamel has remarked, and is evidently puzzled with the circumstance, that trees perspire more in the month of August, when the leaves are full grown, and when the annual shoots have ceased to elongate, than at any earlier period; and we cannot suppose the powers of vegetation to be thus actively employed, but in the execution of some very important operaration. Bulbous and tuberous roots are almost wholly generated after the leaves and stems of the plants, to which they belong, have attained their full growth; and I have constantly found, in my practice as a fanner, that the produce of my meadows has been immensely increased when the herbage of the preceding
