probably not an Arsacid but may have been of Hyrcanian origin, the son of a man named Gew.[1] Gotarzes had two brothers, Artabanus and Vardanes, whom he evidently feared, for he murdered the first together with his wife and son, and the second fled far away. Gotarzes had been on the throne about a year when in a.d. 39 the nobles called in Vardanes, who is reported by Tacitus to have covered three thousand stadia in two days.[2] Such a feat, if not impossible, is very extraordinary. As a result of this hasty trip Vardanes surprised and put to flight Gotarzes. The deposed ruler escaped to the country of the Dahae, where he occupied himself with plots against his brother.
If the rule of Vardanes was to be firmly established, control of the mint city of Seleucia was essential. He began a siege of the city, which was strongly fortified by walls and by its natural defenses, the river and the canals, and was well provisioned. Perhaps Vardanes made use of Ctesiphon as his base of operations, for at a later date he was believed to have been its founder.[3]
- ↑ Herzfeld, Am Tor, pp. 40 ff. and Pls. XXI–XXIII; Herzfeld, "Kushano-Sasanian Coins," Mem. Archaeol. Survey of India, No. 38 (1930), p. 5; CIG, III, No. 4674. Philostratus Vita Apoll. i. 21 calls Gotarzes' brother, Vardanes, a Mede.
- ↑ Ann. xi. 8. 4. Tiberius traveled 184 miles in a night and a day over well constructed Roman roads with an elaborate system of relays. Possibly the royal post roads of Persia had survived in better shape than we have suspected, but approximately 350 miles in two days is still remarkable.
- ↑ Amm. Marcel. xxiii. 23.
