4
POLITICAL HISTORY OF PARTHIA
Cyra on the Jaxartes River[1] and three other cities on or near the Tanais (Oxus) River.[2] The conquest of Parthava probably took place during this campaign. The country was placed under the control of Hystaspes, patron of Zoroaster and father of Darius.[3] Cyrus lost his life fighting against the Dahae in an attempt to expand his empire to the northeast.[4] At that time the satrapy of Parthava included Hyrcania, which lay between the Elburz Mountains and the Caspian Sea.[5] The satrapy revolted about 521 b.c. against Hystaspes and upheld the cause of the Median pretender Fravartish. The first battle was fought at Vishpauzatish[6] on the twenty-second
- ↑ Strabo xi. 11. 4; Arrian Anabasis iv. 3; Curtius Rufus vii. 6. 16. Cyra is perhaps Ura Tepe; see Wilhelm Tomaschek, "Centralasiatische Studien. I. Sogdiana," SAWW, LXXXVII (1877), 121 f.
- ↑ Justin xii. 5. 12; PW, art. "Tanais," No. 1.
- ↑ Behistun inscription, § 35, in F. H. Weissbach, Die Keilinschriften der Achämeniden (Leipzig, 1911), pp. 42 f. Cf. Herod. i. 204 ff.; F. Spiegel, "Ueber das Vaterland und Zeitalter des Awestâ" (II), ZDMG, XLI (1887), 292–96; F. Justi, "Die älteste iranische Religion und ihr Stifter Zarathustra," Preussische Jahrbücher, LXXXVIII (1897), 255–57; A. V. Williams Jackson, Zoroastrian Studies ("Columbia University Indo-Iranian Series," XII [New York, 1928]), pp. 17 f.; A. T. Olmstead, "New Testament Times—and Now," JAOS, LIII (1933), 313.
- ↑ Berossus fr. 55 (Schnabel, p. 275), from Euseb. Chron., ed. Karst, p. 15, lines 11 f.
- ↑ Behistun inscription in Weissbach, loc. cit.; cf. Herzfeld, "Zarathustra. I. Der geschichtliche Vištâspa," AMI, I (1929–30), 95–97.
- ↑ Herzfeld, "Medisch und Parthisch," AMI, VII (1934), 30 f., identifies the place as Hecatompylos.
