undetermined, and which ought, in the interests of the State concerned, to be decided by the real and internal, and not by the factitious and external, elements of victory. The importance of this consideration was signally illustrated in the late insurrection of the Southern States of the American Union, and in the controversy that long hung round the questions whether England had chosen the proper moment for according to the Southern Confederacy the rights of a Belligerent State, and what was the meaning and political significance of recognition for belligerent purposes only.
A second caution in respect of Intervention is, that, admitting the propriety and duty of Intervention in certain extreme crises, it is always open to a State, influential, designing, and unscrupulous, to foster in another State, subject to its moral control, the very condition of things which will, sooner or later, bring about a fit opportunity for its own overt interference. Whether Russia was guilty of this conduct in the case of the late Servian War and the Herzegovinian Insurrection, is of less importance here than the fact that she was constantly rc- bed with it. It is a danger which is almost inherent in tare of the doctrine of a right of Intervention in certain
- "ncies. .
i. Bat,! ic efforts mad.' 1 brini; thrir relations with other, and oncciallv Trrulitionnl y- Burronnding, States into harmony with their novel "licy- . ' requirements, and the occasional arts of armed iitioii which at special junctures powerful States arc, for on or another, induced to commit them-d
- -ther trround of War hieh is likely to show c.-ii-
<-ncr in the pn-x.-nt condition of the States of Kuropr. This is tin- tendency on the part, of leadiii form for themselves what are called "systems" of polity, -igned to extend over a long period of time, and to which
