velocity of the planets, yet as that velocity has 450 years to produce its effect in one way, and an equal time to produce its effect in the opposite way, it does produce a considerable irregularity. If the place of Saturn be calculated on the supposition that its periodic time is always the same, then at one time its real place will be behind its computed place by about one degree, and 450 years later its real place will be before its computed place by about one degree, so that in 450 years it will seem to have gained 2 degrees. The corresponding disturbances of Jupiter are not quite so large.
These are the most remarkable of all the planetary disturbances, their magnitude being greater than any other, on account of the magnitude of the planets, and the eccentricity of their orbits. There are, however, others of the same kind. One of these was discovered by myself; it depends upon the circumstance, that eight times the periodic time of the earth is very nearly equal to thirteen times the periodic time of Venus. I am afraid I have not conveyed to you any very definite notions of these things; but the foregoing is, I think, the best that can be done. In cases of this kind it is only possible to give a glimmering of what I desire to convey. I wish to impress upon your minds the fundamental circumstances on which these remarkable perturbations depend, and to what they tend, so that you may be able to think and in some measure to investigate for yourselves. I would observe that I have attempted to do all which I believe can be done in the way of popular explanation, in a book which I published some years ago, entitled Gravitation, which was re-published as an article in the Penny Cyclopœdia.
I must however remind you, that I have attempted
