of similar efficacy were the so-called "conception billets" sold by the Carmelite monks. They contained a formula upon consecrated paper, at which the devil might well turn pale. Buried in the corner of a field, one of these was thought to give protection against bad weather and destructive insects.[1]
But highest in repute during centuries was the Agnus Dei—a piece of wax blessed by the pope's own hand, and stamped with the well-known device representing the "Lamb of God."[2] Its powers were so marvelous that Pope Urban V thought three of them a fitting gift from himself to the Greek emperor. In the Latin doggerel recounting their virtues, their meteorological efficacy stands first, for especial stress is laid on their power of dispelling the thunder. This stress thus laid by Pope Urban, as the infallible guide of Christendom, on the efficacy of this fetich, gave it great value throughout Europe, and the doggerel verses reciting its virtues sank deep into the popular mind.[3] It was considered a most potent means of dispelling hail, pestilence, storms, conflagrations, and enchantments; and this feeling was deepened by the rules and rites for its consecration.[4] So solemn was the matter, that the manufacture and sale of this particular fetich was, by a papal bull of 1471, reserved for the pope himself,[5] and he only performed the required ceremony in the first and seventh years of his pontificate. Standing unmitred, he prayed: "O God, . . . we humbly beseech thee that thou wilt bless these waxen forms, figured with the image of an innocent lamb, . . . that, at the touch and sight of them, the faithful may break forth into praises, and that the crash of hailstorms, the blast of hurricanes, the violence of tempests, the fury of winds, and the malice of thunderbolts may be tempered, and evil spirits flee and tremble before the standard of thy holy cross, which is graven upon them."[6]
- ↑ See Rydberg, "The Magic of the Middle Ages," translated by Edgren, pp. 64-66.
- ↑ They are still in use in the Church, and may be found described in any ecclesiastical cyclopædia.
- ↑
"Tonitrua magna terret, Inimicos nostros domat, Et peccata nostra delet; Prægnantem cum partu salvat, Ab incendio præservat, Dona dignis multa confert, A submersione servat, Utque malis mala defert. A morte cita liberat, Portio, quamvis parva sit, Et Cacodæmones fugat, Ut magna tamen proficit." See these verses cited in full faith, so late as 1743, in Father Vincent of Berg's "Enchiridium," pp. 23, 24, where is a full account of the virtues of the Agnus Dei, and instructions for its use.
- ↑ A full account of these rites, with the consecrating prayers and benedictions which gave color to this theory of the powers of the Agnus Dei, may be found in the ritual of the Church. I have used the edition entitled "Sacrarum ceremoniarum sive rituum Sanctæ Romanæ Ecclesiaæ libri tres," Rome, 1560, in folio.
- ↑ See Rydberg, "Magic of the Middle Ages," p. 63.
- ↑ Deus, . . . te suppliciter deprecamur, ut. . . has cereas formas, innocentissimi agni imagine figuratas, benedicerc. . . digneris, ut per ejus tactum et visum fideles invitentur
