Neckar just south of it, forms as a consequence the great Teutonic colony in the Alpine highlands. Corroborative testimony of place names also exists. Canon Taylor, for example, states that this district is a hotbed of Teutonic, mainly Saxon, village and local names. It closely resembles parts of England in this respect. Further wholesale colonization to the south seems to have been discouraged by the forbidding Rauhe Alp or Swabian Jura. The Teutonic characteristics have heaped up all along its northern edge, as our map on page 61 shows; but the mountains themselves remain strongholds of the broad-headed type. A considerable colony of dolichocephaly lies on the other side of them, seemingly bearing some relation to the Allgäuer dialect. Beyond this all is Alpine in type. Allemanni and Helvetii have left no trace of their Teutonism in the living population.
Viewed in the light of these geographical facts, the contrast in brunetteness between Würtemberg and Bavaria is readily explained. The fluvial portals of the Bavarian plateau open to the east, not the north. We know that the Boii (Bohemians) and the Bajovars or ancient Bavarians came from this side, following up the course of the Danube. Their names are Keltic, their physical characteristics seem to have been so as well.[1]
One more physical trait remains for consideration before we pass from the present living population to discuss certain great historic events in Germany which have left their imprint upon the people. We refer to stature.[2] The patent fact is, of course, that the areas of blondness and of dolichocephaly are also centers of remarkably tall stature. Our three portrait types illustrated this clearly. The first grenadier was five feet nine inches in height (1.75 metre); the mixed type was shorter by about five inches (1.62 metre), while the conscript from the recesses of the Black Forest in Baden stood but five feet two inches in his stockings (1.59 metre). This last case is a bit extreme; averages seldom fall in Germany below five feet five inches. Local variations are common, as elsewhere; crowded city life depresses the average, prosperity raises it; but underneath it all the racial characteristic, so inherent in the Teutons, makes itself felt wherever they have penetrated the territory of the short and sturdy Alpine race. A few anomalies in the distribution of this trait should be noted in passing. In contravention of the gen-
- ↑ Vide H. Ranke, Zur Carniologie der Kelten, Beiträge zur Anth. Bayern, vi, 1885, pp. 109-121; and J. Ranke, in ibid., iii, 1880, pp. 149 seq.
- ↑ Ranke, 1881, has mapped it for Bavaria; Ecker, 1876, and Ammon, 1894, for Baden; Meisner, 1889, for Schleswig-Holstein; Reischen, 1889, for part of Prussia, etc. Titles are given in our Bibliography above mentioned; for additional ones see index for "Germany, stature."
