extreme form of the à la carte system is adopted, no groups being required except in the professional schools, even the graduation theses being abolished. Students may take the last two i years of the bachelor's course in the professional school, and as they may enter at mid-year and receive a credit of one half year on the entrance examinations, they may obtain the A.B. degree for a college residence of one and a half years. Students receive extra credits for high standing and deductions for low standing, the excellent system being thus introduced of letting quality of work as well as hours of attendance count for the degree.
The unstable equilibrium of the college course is doubtless an indication of progress. There is no reason why an institution such as Harvard or Columbia should not adopt the different programs which are supported by good educational authority and maintain them side by side. At the English universities, a student may take the 'poll' course or an honors course; he may specialize to any extent or elect freely; he may follow a fixed course of tuition or engage in research; he may receive the B.A. degree for work in medicine or engineering; he may be in residence three years or five. There is no obvious objection to maintaining in the same institution the free elective system of Harvard, the culture group system of Princeton, and the special group system of the Johns Hopkins.
THE CULTIVATION OF MARINE AND FRESHWATER ANIMALS IN JAPAN.
Professor Mitsukuri, of the Imperial University of Tokyo, presented before the International Congress of Arts and Science a paper on the cultivation of marine and freshwater animals in Japan, which has now been printed by the Bureau of Fisheries. Professor Mitsukuri calls attention to the fact that the cultivation of aquatic animals is not only a matter that will have increasing economic importance,
Lower left, wakin; lower right (group of three), deme, ryukin, ranchu; upper left (two), ranchu; upper middle and right, oranda shishigashira.
