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and fasten it to the ground. In making puts, the feet of the competitor may rest against but not on top of this board.
A fair pat is one in which no part of the person of the competitor touches the top of the stopboard, the top of the circle, or the ground outside the circle.
The measurement of each put is taken at the circle from the nearest mark made by the fall of the shot to the inside of the circumference •. of the circle on a line from such mark made by the shot to the cen- ter of the circle.
Foul puts and letting go the shot in making an at- temptare
counted as trial puts without result. It is a foul if the competitor steps on the circle, or leaves the circle before his throw has been marked.
Each competitor has three trial puts, and the best five, three more. Each com- petitor is credited with the best of all his puts.
Beginners should first practice the "foot work," without the shot. When starting to use the shot do not try to put it as far as you can, but concentrate upon form. Gradually increase the distance of the put. Do only ten or a dozen puts a day. To prevent wrist sprain wear a wrist bandage when putting. Do not try to get an easy, graceful action; the best putters work with snap.
��Popular Science Monthly
��In the center at the side a stop-board is placed
��Hammer Throwing
This event is done with an object like a shot to which is attached a wire handle and grips. Like the shot it must be thrown from a 7-ft. circle.
It is a dangerous sport and should not be introduced unless spectators can be kept 200 ft. away. The usual weights of hammers are 12 and 16 lb.
There are two styles of throwing: The no-turn style and the turn style. For the no-turn style, stand with the feet i3^ ft. apart, heels near the front of the ring and the back in the direction in which the throw is to be made. Place the hammer head on the ground well to the right of the circle. Start the swing to the left at arm's length. Circle the hammer diagonally around the head two or three times, then hurl it backward and upward at an angle of 45 deg. There may be some difficulty in keeping the balance after the throw. If this cannot be overcome, the thrower should stand nearer the center of the circle so as to allow for a backward step if necessary.
For the turn style, the thrower stands in the center of the circle in the attitude described. After two or three swings around the head the thrower turns with further swings (one, two, or three) and then hurls the hammer. These turns give a great impetus to the throw, but they are difficult.
The turn is made as the hammer swings up to the left. It is a complete turn. The
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���Place the hammer head on the ground well to the right of the circle and start the swing to the left at arm's length; circle the hammer around the head and hurl it backward
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