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The part shaded in lines represents the northern part of the area over which the chalky clay is distributed, and consequently the part regarded by the author as being sea during the deposit of that clay — the unshaded part being regarded as enveloped in ice, the sea-foot of which is indicated by the dotted line bounding the line shading. The arrows indicate the supposed direction of the ice-motion. The broken line indicates the division between the eastern and western slopes of the great ridge of the north of England. The purple clay with chalk overlaps the chalky clay up to a limit (inclusive of outliers) indicated by the dotted line on the east side of the Wold-scarp.
The + near Shap denotes the place of Wasdale Craig, where the Shap granite is in situ.
