NEUMAYR CEPHALOPODA OF BALIN. 9
The Black Sea, the Mediterranean, and White Sea exhibit, on the
contrary, lithological characters entirely different ; since mud or silt
predominates, and the sandy deposits are there reduced to a small
extent. [J. P.]
On Fossil Typhaceae. By Prof. F. Unger.
[Proc. Imp. Acad. Vienna, January 7, 1870.]
The existence of representatives of the genera Typha and Sparganium in Tertiary deposits has been but lately ascertained, and many remains of the former genus are probably still regarded as species of Arundo. A species of Typha, first discovered by M. D. Stur, is widely diffused. Certain vegetable forms found in the Gosau Sandstones of Gams, in Styria, possibly represent the prototype of all the Typha) of subsequent periods. At present three species of Typha and six of Sparganium are known to exist in a fossil state. [Count M.]
On Devonian Entomostraca. By M. P. Richter.
[Zeitschr. deutsch. geol. Gesellsch. 1869, p. 75.]
M. Richter has described the Entomostraca contained in the Devonian strata of Thuringia. The uppermost horizon, in which fossil Entomostraca are very abundant, is perfectly analogous to the Cypridina- shales of the Harz and of Nassau. In the second horizon they are far less abundant, and in the lowest no trace of them has been detected. The author describes and figures eleven species of Cypridina (six new), three of Beyrichia (all new), and two of Cytherina (one new). He regards the oval individuals of Cypridina as males, and the more spherical forms as females. [Count M.]
On the Cephalopoda from the Oolite of Balin, near Cracovia. By Dr. M. Neumayr.
[Proc. Imp. Geol. Inst. Vienna, December 21, 1869.]
Dr. Neumayr publishes a list of the Cephalopoda from the Oolitic beds of Balin, from which it appears that the Macrocephalus- and Aspidioides-zones are best represented, and next to these the Anceps- and Athleta-zones, so that the Cephalopodous fauna of Balin may be regarded as corresponding to those of the Great Oolite above the Fuller's Earth in England, of the " Callovien " in France, and of the upper horizon of the Dentalium- and Ornatus-clays, and of the Macrocephalus- oolite of Wurtemberg. Amaltheus (Amm.) Lamberti, which constantly occurs above the Ornatus-clay, has not yet been found, nor have any traces of species of more recent date. The only representative of a deeper horizon is a fragment of an Ammonite, very nearly allied to but not identical with Stephanoceras bifurcatum, Ziet., of the Parkinsoni- zone. This fragment may prove, on closer examination, to be an inner whorl of a species belonging to the group of Cosmoceras calloviense, C. Gowerianum, &c, which, in
