Gasteropoda of the Umtamfuna River which also occur in India.
Name.
Pugnellus uncatus, Forb.
Fasciolaria rigida, Baily.
Fasciolaria assimilis, Stol.
Tritonides trichinopolitensis
Pollia pondicherriensis, Forb.
Lagena nodulosa, Stol.
Cerithiuni (Fibula) detectum, Stol.
Turritella multistriata, Rss.
Scalaria turbinata, Forb.
Chemnitzia undosa, Forb.
Euchrysalis gigantea, Stol.
Solariella radiatula, Forb.
Avellana ampla, Stol.
Localities in India, where
the species also occur.
Parchairry, Kulligoody
Andoor, Coonum, Shutanure
Olapaudy
Anapaudy
Alundanapooram
Olapaudy
Karapaudy
Pondicherry
Pondicherry
Pondicherry
Alundanapooram, Comarapolliam
Vylapaudy, Olapaudy, Comarapolliam, Arrialoor
Andoor, Kalakonuttom.
Puravoy, Moraviatoor, Odium
N.W. of Veraghoor
Range.
Trichinopoly gr.
Trich. group.
Trich. gr.
Trich. gr.
Trich. gr.
Arrialoor gr.
Arrialoor gr.
Trich. gr.
Trich. gr.
Trich. gr.
Trich. & Arr. gr
Arrialoor gr.
Trich. gr.
Ootatoor gr.
Trich. gr.
It is quite clear that most of the species obtained from this African locality (" Izinhluzabalungu ") resemble in every respect those of the Trichinopoly series of India. The Trigonia beds with Ammonites Kayei, A. Rembda, &c, show the true character of the Ootatoor beds of the Trichinopoly district, whilst we have the Trichinopoly group represented by eighteen species, which also occur in India. The Arrialoor group is proved only by Ammonites Gardeni, which was first described from Africa, but has since been found by Stoliczka in the Indian Cretaceous series.
The plant-beds with Teredo find their representative in the lower beds of the Ootatoor group of the Trichinopoly district; and from this, and also the fact that the preceding plant-bearing Karoo formation finds its analogue in the Indian Ootatoor plant-beds (not the Ootatoor group), the conclusion is easy to arrive at, that both Africa and India were, after the development of the Table-Mountain Sandstone, one continuous continent, which afterwards was covered by the Cretaceous sea.
Between the deposition of the Table-Mountain Sandstone and that of the plant-bearing blue shales and of their Boulder-bed, which form the base of the extensive Dicynodon-sandstones, a long time must have elapsed.
The large area, now covered by the Indian Ocean, must have been the basin for an extensive series of lakes, which would explain the occurrence of the same plants and large reptiles which were then living in India and also in South Africa. It must have been a period of long-enduring tranquillity, and no great disturbance whatever seems to have occurred. These periods of repose, which wit-
