20. Notes on the Physical Geology of the Upper Punjab. By A, B. Wynne, Esq., F.G.S., Geological Survey of India. (Bead February 20, 1878.) [Plate XIV.] Contents. Page 1. Introductory 347 2. Eecent additions to geological knowledge of the district 347 3. Comparative table of formations continued from p. 63, vol. xxx. Q.J.G.S 349 4. Preliminary remarks and list of Upper Punjab rocks 348 5. Pal/Eozoic. — Oldest rocks 352 6. „ Cambrian and Silurian 353 7. „ Rock-salt, mode of its occurrence. Volcanic rock 354 8. „ Overlying rocks, possibly represented in the Infra-Triassic groups of Hazara 355 9. , , Disturbance, indications of land 356 10. ,, Carboniferous, Salt Range, Jamu (Jumoo) 356 11. „ Possible connexion with Infra-Trias 357 12. „ Disturbance 357 13. ,, Absence of formation to the north, presence in Kashmir . 358 14. Mesozoic. — Triassic to the north ; in Salt range, &c 358 15. „ Jurassic, Salt Range, Himalayan 360 16. „ Cretaceous, Himalayan, Chichalli Pass, Salt Range 362 17. Cainozoic. — Nummulitic, Salt Range, trans-Indus, Outer Himalaya, Jamu 363 18. „ Local characters, Rock-salt, Coal Shales, Land 364 19. „ Tertiary Sandstone and Clay series, mode of deposition . 366 20. „ Conditions, vicinity of land, disturbance, faults 368 21. Post-Tertiary. — Deposits, conditions, fossils 370 22. , , Erratics, distribution, transport, ice 371 23. Recent. — Denudation 373 24. Summary 374 1. In December of the year 1873 I brought before the Society some features in the physical geology of the Upper Punjab*. Observations which I have made since then, together with informa- tion derived from those of others, enable me now to offer some additional notes on this country, more detailed accounts of which will be found in the publications noted below f. 2. The principal additions to our knowledge of the geology of this and neighbouring regions, obtained since my last communica- tion was written, have been gathered from the following opera- tions : — The trans-Indus salt region has been examined and reported upon %, the arrangement of the rocks leading to the inference that the vast local deposits of rock-salt and gypsum are much newer than those of the cis-Indus Salt Range — the salt of one region being little if at all older than Eocene, and of the other not newer than Silurian.
- Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxx. p. 61.
t Records Geol. Surv. Ind. vols. vi. p. 59, vii, p. 64, viii. p> 46, x. pp. 140, 223, I Mem. Geol. Surv. Ind, vol. xi. pt. 2. 2a2
