the oaths have been modified to conform to the statute against blasphemy. The Folio here substitutes 'Heaven' for 'God.'
IV. iv. 381. brothers. Earl Rivers is the only brother of Elizabeth introduced in the present play.
IV. iv. 397. The Folio here reads 'repast.' Editors are agreed in regarding this as a misprint for the 'o'erpast' of the Quarto.
IV. iv. 401. This line is omitted in the Quarto.
IV. iv. 418. found. Many editors adopt the Quarto reading 'peevish-fond.'
IV. iv. 425. Steevens notes here a reference to the fable of the phoenix.
IV. iv. 439. hull. Literally, to float or be driven by the force of the wind or current on the hull alone; to drift to the wind with sails furled; to lie a-hull (Murray, N.E.D.).
IV. iv. 441. Norfolk. On hearing of Richmond's landing, Richard 'sent to Iohn duke of Norffolke, . . . and to other of his especiall & trustie friends of the nobilitie, . . . willing them to muster and view all their seruants and tenants, . . . and with them to repaire to his presence with all speed and diligence.' Holinshed, iii. 754. Halle, 412.
IV. iv. 445. Ratcliff. The Folio reading 'Catesby' (for Ratcliff) here is regarded by editors either as a misprint or an oversight.
Salisbury. Richmond was off the southwestern coast, close to Dorset. At Salisbury Richard would be able to prevent a junction with Buckingham's forces coming from Wales. '[Richard] tooke his iournie toward Salisburie, to the intent that in his iournie he might set on the dukes [Buckingham's] armie. . . .' Holinshed, iii. 743. Halle, 394.
IV. iv. 477. Welshman. On his father's side. Richmond's father was the son of Owen Tudor and Katherine, widow of Henry V.
