succeeded his father March 2, 1835; crowned King of Hungary and Bohemia, Sept. 7, 1836; abdicated the throne in favour of his nephew, after previous renunciation of his brother, Dec. 2, 1848; married Feb. 27, 1831, to Empress Anna, born Sept. 19, 1803. 2. Princess Maria Clementina, born March 1, 1798, daughter of the late King Vittorio Emanuele I. of Sardinia; married, July 28, 1816, to Leopoldo, Prince of Salerno, royal Prince of Naples; widow March 10, 1851.
Step-grandmother of the Emperor.—Empress Caroline, born Feb. 8, 1792, daughter of the late King Maximilian of Bavaria, married, in fourth nuptials, to the late Emperor Franz I., Nov. 10, 1816; crowned Queen of Hungary, Sept. 25, 1825; widow March 2, 1835.
Other Relations of the Emperor.—1. Archduke Albrecht, born Aug. 3, 1817, son of the late Archduke Karl, the celebrated general; field-marshal and commander-in-chief of the army of the Empire, 1868-69; married, May 1, 1844, to Princess Hildegarde of Bavaria, who died April 2, 1864. Offspring of the union is one daughter, Maria Theresa, born July 15, 1845; married, Jan. 18, 1865, to Prince Philipp of Würtemberg. 2. Archduke Karl Ferdinand, commander-in-chief of the 4th corps d'armée, and commanding general in Moravia and Silesia, born July 29, 1818, brother of the preceding Archduke Albrecht; married, April 18, 1854, to Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria, born Jan. 17, 1831. Offspring of the union are three sons, Friedrich, born June 4, 1856, Karl, born Sept. 5, 1860, Eugen Ferdinand, born May 21, 1863, and one daughter, Marie Christina, born July 21, 1858. 3. Archduke Wilhelm, inspector-general of the artillery, born April 21, 1827, brother of the two preceding archdukes. 4. Archduke Leopold, inspector-general of the Imperial corps of engineers, born June 6, 1823, the son of Archduke Rainer, fifth brother of the Emperor Franz I. 5. Archduke Ernst, commander of the 3rd corps d'armee, born Aug. 8, 1824, the brother of the preceding Archduke Leopold. 6. Archduke Sigismund, commander of the 45th regiment of Imperial infantry, born Jan. 7, 1826, the brother of the two preceding archdukes. 7. Archduke Rainer, administrator of the Imperial academy of sciences, born Jan. 11, 1827, brother of the three preceding archdukes; married, February 21, 1852, to Archduchess Marie Caroline, daughter of the late Archduke Karl of Austria. 8. Archduke Heinrich, major-general in the Imperial army, born May 9, 1828, brother of the four preceding archdukes; married, February 4, 1868, to Leopoldine Hoffmann, elevated Countess Waideck.
Besides the above, there are eighteen other Archdukes and Archduchesses of Austria, members of the formerly reigning branches of
