1086 tUPxKEY AND TRIBUTARY STATES
brigades, and divisions. It contains 66 regiments of the line, each with 4 battalions, except three which have 3 battalions ; 2 regiments of Zouaves of 2 battalions each ; 1 regiment of firemen of 4 battalions ; and 15 battalions of rifles. There are also 12 battalions of Tripolitan militia for local service. Each battalion of the line, Zouaves and rifles, consists of 4 companies. Two line regiments form a brigade, 2 brigades and a rifle battalion form an infantry- division, and 2 divisions form an ordu. Each line and rifle battalion, on a war footing, has 24 oflScers, 62 non-commissioned ofiicers, and 836 men, the total being 922 men of all ranks, with 51 horses. The peace strength varies from 250 to 550, according to the locality. The total war establishment of a regiment of 4 battalions is 3,764 men of all ranks, with 207 horses. The infantry are armed with the Martini-Peabody rifle. There are 220,000 Mauser magazine rifles ('37) in store, but none have been issued. A small-bore Mauser ( "3) is being supplied.
The Redif is organised in two bans. (An enactment for their fusion into one has as yet been only partially applied, ) The first ban consists of 48 regiments ; 8 of 4 battalions from each of the first 6 ordu districts. The second ban consists of 40 regiments, 8 of 4 battalions from each of the first 5 ordu districts. On a war footing the establishments of the Redif are intended to be the same as those of the Nizam, but battalions are often 1,200 strong.
The Nizam cavalry consists of 38 regiments of the line, 2 regiments of the guard, and 2 squadrons of mounted infantry (at Yemen). There is no Redif cavalry organised. The line and guard regiments each consist of 5 squadrons, the fifth being a depot. The guard regiments are quartered at Constantinople, and belong to the first ordu. Of the line regiments, 36 are formed into 6 cavalry divisions, one to each ordu, and 2 other regiments belong to the garrison at Tripoli. There are thus 202 squadrons of cavalry, of which 40 are depot squadrons. The war establishment of a regiment consists of 39 ofiicers and 647 men, 686 in all, or, adding the depot squadrons, 854 of all ranks. Each regiment has 880 horses, inclusive of train. It is proposed to form in the fourth, fifth, and sixth ordu districts 48 regiments of militia or Hamadieh cavalry, commanded by tribal leaders, and associated with the regular army. The tribes will find the men, horses, and equipment, and the Government the armament. Each regiment will have from 512 to 1,152 men in from 4 to 6 squadrons.
The field artillery is being reorganised in accordance with a scheme sanctioned in 1891, whereby the force will be considerably strengthened. It is intended that each of the first 5 ordus shall have one battalion with 3 batteries of horse artillery, and six regiments of field and mountain artillery, comprising 30 batteries of field and 6 batteries of mountain artillery, each battery having, on war footing, 6 guns. Each of these groups of 6 regiments will form 3 brigades of which one will be attached to the Nizam, another to the first ban, and the third to the second ban of their respective ordus. The sixth ordu will have two regiments of artillery with, altogether, 12 field and 2 mountain batteries. The seventh ordu will have 3 field and 4 mountain batteries. Crete will have 4 mountain batteries, and Tripoli 4 field and 2 mountain batteries. Turkey will thus have, in all, 15 batteries of horse artillery, 169 field and 42 mountain batteries with a total of 1,356 guns. To the first ordu there are two ammunition trains, to the other five only one ■ The transport consists generally of pack animals. On a war footing, the establishment of a field battery consists of about 137 ofiicers and men with 100 horses. Of fortress artillery there are 38 battalions, of which 18 belong to the ordus, located chiefly at Constantinople and Erzeroum, and 20 to the Ordnance Department. Of these, 12 companies are in the Bosphorus bat- teries, 8 in the Bulair lines, and the remainder in Mediterranean fortresses.
