ccxxvi UNITED STATES Pennsylvania. — Eight hours of labor shall be deemed and held to be a legal day's work in all cases of labor and service by the day where there is no agreement or contract to the contrary. This does not apply to farm or agricultural labor by the year, month, or week, to labor in factories, laundries, and renovating establishments, or to labor on street railways. Eight hours out of the twenty-four shall make and constitute a day's labor in penitentiaries and reformatory institutions receiving support from the State, also for all mechanics, workmen, and laborers in the employ of the State, or of any municipal corporation therein, or otherwise engaged on public works ; this shall be deemed to apply to mechanics, working- men, or laborers in the employ of persons contracting with the State or any municipal corporation therein for the performance of public work. Utah. — Eight hours constitute a day's work upon all public works and in all underground mines and workings, smelters, and all other institu- tions for the reduction or refining of ores. Wisconsin. — In all engagements to labor in any manufacturing or mechanical business, where there is no express contract to the contrary, a day's work shall consist of eight hours ; but the law does not apply to contracts for labor by the week, month, or year. In all manufactories, workshops, or other places used for mechanical or manufacturing pur- poses, the time of labor of children under the age of eighteen, and of women employed therein, shall not exceed eight hours in the day. Wyoming. — Eight hours' actual work constitutes a legal day's work in all mines and public works. United States. — Eight hours shall constitute a day's work for all laborers, workmen, and mechanics who may be employed by or on behalf of the United States. Boards of Arbitration Boards of arbitration, to which controversies between employers and employees may be submitted, generally on the petition of either or both of the parties to the controversy, are authorized in the following-named States : California, Maryland, Ohio, Colorado, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Minnesota, Texas, Idaho, Missouri, Utah, Illinois, Montana, Wisconsin, Indiana, New Jersey, Wyoming,i Louisiana, New York, United States. Little has been done in any of the foregoing States except New York, New Jersey, and Massachusetts ; these States publish annually or bienni- ally the results of the operations of their boards. Boards of Factory Inspection Boards of Factory Inspection, whose duties are to execute all laws regulating factory or mercantile employment, have been established in Connecticut, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mis- souri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island. 1 Constitutional provision that Legislature shall pass law providing for arbitration, but no such law has jet been passed.
